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Watch in slide show mode to observe (modest) animation. . www.culturalcognition.net. Decision-relevant Science: Who Distrusts Whom About What and Why?. Dan M. Kahan Yale University & many many others!. Research Supported by: National Science Foundation, SES-0922714, - 0621840 & -0242106.

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  1. Watch in slide show mode to observe (modest) animation.

  2. www.culturalcognition.net Decision-relevant Science: Who Distrusts Whom About What and Why? Dan M. Kahan Yale University & many many others! Research Supported by: National Science Foundation, SES-0922714, - 0621840 & -0242106

  3. Trust and the science communication problem

  4. Public opinion: federal govt should fund science Agree or disagree? source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  5. Public opinion: federal govt should fund science Agree or disagree? source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  6. Public opinion: amount of federal funding? Too little or too much? source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  7. Public opinion: amount of federal funding? Too little or too much? source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  8. U.S. Public Opinion Federal support for science research Level of support for science research source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  9. Public opinion: amount of federal funding? Too little or too much? source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  10. 100 80 60 40 20 0 1983 2001 2012 How would you feel if son/daughter grew up to be a scientist? happy percent unhappy (girl) unhappy (boy) source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  11. 100 80 60 40 20 0 1983 2001 2012 How would you feel if son/daughter grew up to be a scientist? happy happy percent unhappy (girl) unhappy (boy) source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  12. 100 80 60 40 20 0 1983 2001 2012 How would you feel if son/daughter grew up to be a scientist? happy happy percent unhappy (girl) unhappy unhappy (boy) (girl) (boy) source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  13. 100 80 60 40 20 0 1983 2001 2012 How would you feel if son/daughter grew up to be a scientist? happy happy percent unhappy (girl) unhappy unhappy (boy) (girl) (boy) source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  14. 100 80 60 40 20 0 1983 2001 2012 How would you feel if son/daughter grew up to be a scientist? happy happy percent unhappy (girl) unhappy unhappy (boy) (girl) (boy) source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  15. Are scientists public spirited? “scientists are dedicated people who work for the good of humanity” “scientists are helping to solve challenging problems” % % % % % % % % % % % source: NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, ch. 7.

  16. Trust and the science communication problem

  17. Trust and the science communication problem

  18. Trust and the science communication problem • Members of the public do trust scientists. • Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other. • When facts become entangled in conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  19. Trust and the science communication problem • Members of the public do trust scientists. • Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other. • When facts become entangled in conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  20. Trust and the science communication problem • Members of the public do trust scientists. • Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other • When facts become entangled in conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  21. Trust and the science communication problem • Members of the public do trust scientists. • Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other when they perceive their status is at risk. • When facts become entangled in status conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  22. Trust and the science communication problem • Members of the public do trust scientists. • Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other when they perceive their status is at risk. • When facts become entangled in status conflicts between culturally opposing groups,

  23. Trust and the science communication problem Members of the public do trust scientists. Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other when they perceive their status is at risk. When facts become entangled in status conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  24. Source: Kahan, D.M., Jenkins-Smith, H. & Braman, D. Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus. J. Risk Res. 14, 147-74(2011).

  25. Cultural Cognition Worldviews Risk Perception Key Low Risk High Risk Hierarchy Environment: climate, nuclear Gays military/gay parenting hierarchical individualists hierarchical communitarians marijuana legalization Guns/Gun Control abortion protestors/war protesotrs cats/annoying varmints Individualism Communitarianism Gays military/gay parenting Environment: climate, nuclear marijuana legalization Guns/Gun Control egalitarian individualists egalitarian communitarians abortion protestors/war protesotrs cats/annoying varmints Egalitarianism

  26. Cultural Cognition Worldviews Risk Perception Key Low Risk High Risk Hierarchy Environment: climate, nuclear Guns/Gun Control Individualism Communitarianism Environment: climate, nuclear Guns/Gun Control Egalitarianism

  27. Source: Kahan, D.M., Jenkins-Smith, H. & Braman, D. Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus. J. Risk Res. 14, 147-74(2011).

  28. Climate Change High Risk (science conclusive) Low Risk (science inconclusive)

  29. Geologic Isolation of Nuclear Wastes High Risk (not safe) Low Risk (safe)

  30. Concealed Carry Laws High Risk (Increase crime) Low Risk (Decrease Crime)

  31. Featured scientist is a knowledgeable and credible expert on ... Egalitarian Communitarian More Likely to Agree Hierarchical Individualist More Likely to Agree Difference in Likelihood of Agreeing Scientist is “Expert” 60% 40% 20% 0 20% 40% 60% 54% Climate Change 72% 22% Nuclear Power 31% 58% Concealed Carry 61% N = 1,500. Derived from ordered-logit regression analysis, controlling for demographic and political affiliation/ideology variables. Culture variables set 1 SD from mean on culture scales. CIs reflect 0.95 level of confidence

  32. Cultural Cognition Worldviews Risk Perception Key Low Risk High Risk Hierarchy Climate change Nuclear waste disposal Concealed carry bans Individualism Communitarianism Climate change Nuclear waste disposal Concealed carry bans Egalitarianism

  33. Cultural Cognition Worldviews Perceived Scientific Consensus: Low Risk High Risk Hierarchy Climate change Nuclear waste disposal Concealed carry bans Individualism Communitarianism Climate change Nuclear waste disposal Concealed carry bans Egalitarianism

  34. Trust and the science communication problem Members of the public do trust scientists. Members of culturally opposing groups distrust each other when they perceive their status is at risk. When facts become entangled in status conflicts between culturally opposing groups, members of the public will form divergent perceptions of what scientists believe.

  35. Cultural Cognition Worldviews Risk Perception Key Low Risk High Risk Hierarchy HPV Vaccination Individualism Communitarianism HPV Vaccination Egalitarianism

  36. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree No Argument

  37. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree BalancedArgument No Argument

  38. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree BalancedArgument No Argument

  39. Culturally Identifiable Experts Hierarchy Communitarianism Individualism Egalitarianism

  40. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree BalancedArgument No Argument

  41. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree Expected Argument/Advocate Alignment BalancedArgument No Argument

  42. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree Expected Argument/Advocate Alignment BalancedArgument No Argument

  43. “The HPV vaccine is safe for use among young girls...” Pct. Agree Unexpected Argument/Advocate Alignment Expected Argument/Advocate Alignment BalancedArgument No Argument

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