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Today in History: April 15

Today in History: April 15. President Lincoln issues a Proclamation calling for 75,000 militiamen, and summoning a special session of Congress for July 4 .

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Today in History: April 15

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  1. Today in History: April 15 President Lincoln issues a Proclamation calling for 75,000 militiamen, and summoning a special session of Congress for July 4. Robert E. Lee, son of a Revolutionary War hero, and a 25 year distinguished veteran of the United States Army and former Superintendent of West Point, is offered command of the Union Army. Lee declines.

  2. Bellringer When you think of battles that occurred during the Civil War which battles come to mind? List at least 2 and explain why. People will be randomly called on to answer the question.

  3. The Outbreak of War

  4. First Bull Run July 21, 1861 • First major battle between to the armies in Virginia • Union Commander: McDowell • Confederate Commanders: Johnston and Beauregard

  5. First Bull Run continued… • Union troops would retreat  Make it back to Washington by July 22  The retreat caused disorganization on both sides  Confederate soldiers would not pursue

  6. First Bull Run continued… • Total number of troops engaged: 60,680 • Total number of casualties: 4,878 • Result: Confederate victory • Lincoln realized this would be a long and costly affair https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMTAIBAIJRY

  7. Battle of Fort DonelsonFebruary 11-16, 1862 • Union Commanders: Foote and Grant • Confederate Commanders: Pillow, Floyd, and Buckner

  8. Fort Donelson continued… • Located in Northern Tennessee – Very close to Kentucky • Winner would control waterways - Cumberland River • Confederate General Pillow – Oddest act of the Civil War • Believing the Confederates had won the battle, he told a majority of his troops to return to their earthworks

  9. Fort Donelson continued… • With Confederates unprepared, Grant ordered Union troops to retake their lost ground and capture the earthworks • The Confederates had to surrender. • Grant said “No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted.” • This Union victory added to Grant’s fame

  10. Battle of ShilohApril 6-7, 1862 • Union Commanders: Grant • Confederate Commanders: Johnston and Beauregard

  11. Shiloh continued… • Located at Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River • Union soldiers established a battle line at the sunken road known as the “Hornet's Nest” • Artillery helped to turn the tide for the Confederates • During the first day’s attacks, Johnston was mortally wounded and was replaced by P.G.T. Beauregard.

  12. Shiloh continued… • The next day, reinforced Union army outnumbered Beauregard’s army • Grant’s counteroffensive overpowered the Confederates and they retreated • The two day battle resulted in more than 23,000 casualties • Important battle for control of the Mississippi Valley • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7tODYREDv8

  13. Battle of Shiloh – Broken Down http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/shiloh/maps/battle-of-shiloh-animated.html

  14. Exit Slip On a sheet of paper write one interesting fact from each battle we discussed in class today. Turn it in before you leave.

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