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Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Unreinforced Masonry Buildings. By: Erica and Laura Garcia. Abstract. The affect of earthquakes on un-reinforced masonry buildings and solutions to reduce the damage of future earthquakes. What is an Un-reinforced Masonry Building?. Brick and mortar No Reinforcement (steel re-bars)

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Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

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  1. Unreinforced Masonry Buildings By: Erica and Laura Garcia

  2. Abstract • The affect of earthquakes on un-reinforced masonry buildings and solutions to reduce the damage of future earthquakes.

  3. What is an Un-reinforced Masonry Building? • Brick and mortar • No Reinforcement (steel re-bars) • An earthquake will Push and Pull on the bricks and so it causes the bricks to crack.

  4. Experiment • Sugar Cubes (brick) • Peanut Butter (mortar)

  5. Failure of Masonry Structures • Typical failures occur in: • Walls • Windows, doors • Unsymmetrical plan of building

  6. Failure Modes • Shear • Sliding shear • Bending

  7. Un-reinforced Masonry

  8. Shear

  9. Examples • Wall Failure Shear Failure

  10. Bending

  11. What is retrofit? • Retrofitting is the way that many buildings are reinforced to better withstand the shaking of an earthquake.

  12. Ways to retrofit • Fiber reinforced polymers • Steel reinforcement • Dampers (shock absorbers) • Connection of walls properly to roof and floor, windows and doors • Increasing shear strength

  13. Retrofitted Sugarhouse

  14. Steel Bolts

  15. Steel Braces

  16. Laws Passed • After each major earthquake the state of California has established new laws to improve seismic safety • The Field Act (1933) and Garrison Act (1939) • Hospital Seismic Safety Act (1972) • The Hospital Facilities Seismic Safety Act (1994) • Un-reinforced Masonry Building Law (1986)

  17. Conclusion After experimenting with our model and researching the topic of masonry buildings we conclude that the un-reinforced masonry structures are more vulnerable to damage than the reinforced structure during an earthquake. The reinforced structure can withstand greater magnitudes of earthquakes and more earthquakes than the un-reinforced structures.

  18. Works Cited • http://www.sandiego.gov/development-services/industry/urmexamples.shtml • http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/MasonryBrick/PlainBrickMasonry.htm • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/icons/thumb/14/14_288.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/slideset/14/14_thumbs.shtml&h=58&w=87&sz=2&hl=en&start=11&tbnid=RaCiWVL7Ng2ADM:&tbnh=51&tbnw=77&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dunreinforced%2Band%2Breinforced%2Bmasonry%2Bbuildings%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN • http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov/office/ganderson/es10/lectures/lecture18/lecture18.html

  19. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to Andreas Stavridis Jonathan Deck Professor Benson Shing Jerry Lederman Bridget Smith Allison Jacobs

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