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Ecology: Parts of an Ecosystem Population Dynamics

Ecology: Parts of an Ecosystem Population Dynamics. Ecology. What is it? Study of how organisms INTERACT with living and non-living things. What will we be looking at?. Parts of an ecosystem Things that affect pop’n size Roles and relationships in an ecosystem Energy flow in an ecosystem

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Ecology: Parts of an Ecosystem Population Dynamics

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  1. Ecology:Parts of an EcosystemPopulation Dynamics

  2. Ecology What is it? • Study of how organisms INTERACT with living and non-living things

  3. What will we be looking at? • Parts of an ecosystem • Things that affect pop’n size • Roles and relationships in an ecosystem • Energy flow in an ecosystem • Importance of biodiversity • Succession • Human impacts on the environment

  4. What makes up an ecosystem? • ECOSYSTEMS – BRAIN POP!! BIOTIC FACTORS • “Bio” means living • Living things in an ecosystem • Can you list the living things that live in this ecosystem? • Frogs, insects, fish, hawks, grasses, bacteria, amoeba etc……..

  5. What makes up an ecosystem? • ABIOTIC FACTORS • When you put “a” in front of a word it negates it • Means “non-living” factors • Can you list some non-living factors that affect the pond ecosystem? • Water, light, temp, acidity, oxygen and nitrogen levels

  6. Organization of Life • BIOSPHERE • HABITAT • ECOSYSTEM • COMMUNITY • POPULATION Decreasing amount of biotic and abiotic factors

  7. Population Growth Brain Pop Video

  8. What affects pop’n sizes in an ecosystem? • COMPETITION! • Struggle for resources among organisms • If no competition, pop’ns would grow INFINITELY (no limit!) • Competition maintains FINITE (limited) pop’n sizes • Finite popn’s limited by LIMITING FACTORS • CAN BE ABIOTIC OR BIOTIC

  9. Comparing Finite and Infinite Pop’ns INFINTITE GROWTH FINITE GROWTH

  10. What affects pop’n sizes in an ecosystem? • ABIOTIC LIMITING FACTORS • Amount and intensity of sunlight • Amount of water • Amount of dissolved oxygen (lakes, rivers, etc) • Acid level • Temperature range • Minerals available

  11. What affects pop’n sizes in an ecosystem? • BIOTIC LIMITING FACTORS • Predator/Prey relationships • Predators limit prey pop’n sizes by eating them • Prey limit predator pop’n sizes by dying/being killed • If too many killed, predators starve • Adapting (survival of fittest)

  12. What affects pop’n sizes in an ecosystem? Effects of Predator/Prey Relationship As you can see, AS PREY POP’N DECREASES, THE PREDATOR’S POP’N DECREASES

  13. What do we call it when a species reaches its limit? • EVERY pop’n in an ecosystem has a CARRYING CAPACITY (K) • The # of orgs of a single species an ecosystem can support • Determined by biotic and abiotic factors • EX: a fox pop’n is affected by how much it has to eat (biotic) and also temperature (abiotic) • Once K is reached, pop’n will remain stable unless major changes in biotic and abiotic factors

  14. Carrying Capacity (K)of a Stable Pop’n • This graph shows the Carrying Capacity (K) of an organism • THIS SHOWS A STABLE POP’N • SLOWLY INCREASING TO K AND THEN DECREASING ONCE IT HITS K AND BACK UP AGAIN

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