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hQ = 200,000 Btu/h. HVAC – Basic Terms. cQ. assumeto = 20. tr = 70. CO2. 50 people. 20 cfm/pers. tsi = 105. 1000 cfm. 20%. coil Q = V*rho *cp*TD 5000 cfm. ti = 62. hQ vent = V*rho*cp*TD. Heating. Ventilating. AC =Cooling. HVAC – Air Handling Unit. HVAC – Basic Terms.
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hQ = 200,000 Btu/h HVAC – Basic Terms cQ assumeto = 20 tr = 70 CO2 50 people 20 cfm/pers tsi = 105 1000 cfm 20% coilQ= V*rho*cp*TD 5000 cfm ti = 62 hQvent = V*rho*cp*TD Heating Ventilating AC =Cooling HVAC – Air Handling Unit
HVAC – Basic Terms (Heating Load)Heat Out = Heat In (Cooling Load including “Latent Load”) Heat and Humidity in = Heat and Humidity out By Conduction Convection Radiation
HVAC – Basic Terms Conduction Area Temperature Resistance
HVAC – Basic Terms Conduction
HVAC – Basic Terms Convection Radiation
HVAC – Basic Systems Heating hQsen = 200,000 Btu/h hQsen + hQvent = coilQsen
HVAC – Basic Systems - AC w AC Water to Water w
Constant Volume Double Duct Terminal Box Damper blades change air flow as the pressure at the inlet to the box increases or decreases and in response to room temperature
Variable Volume Single Duct Terminal Box Velocity = Sub Master 55 – 60o P Sensor Thermostat = Master cfm Pressure Independent (between Max and Min), based on room thermostat. If temperature rises, damper opens for more cooling. Air Flow is unaffected by other boxes in the system.
HVAC - Cooling ideal COP – dimensionless! – EER – dimensions of Btu/h/W! kpH’ evQ
HVAC - Cooling The energy efficiency rating (EER) of an air conditioner is its BTU/h rating over its Wattage. Example: window air conditioner Rating: 10,000-BTU/h Power Consumption: 1,200 watts EER = 10,000 BTU/h/1,200 watts = 8.3 Btu/Wh Normally a higher EER is accompanied by a higher price.
HVAC - Cooling • Choice between two 10,000-BTU/h units • 1. EER of 8.3, consumes 1,200 watts • EER of 10, consumes 1000 watts. • Price difference is $100. • Usage: 4 months a year, 6 hours a day. • Electricity Cost: $0.10/kWh. • =========================================== • 4 mo. x 30 days/mo. x 6 hr/day = 720 hours • (720 h x .2 kW) x $0.10/kWh = $14.40 Savings • Since the EER 10 unit costs $100 more, • it will take about seven years for this more expensive unit • to break even
Energy Analysis Example