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Projecting future needs, use and supply of LTC in Europe. iHEA, Toronto, 10 – 13 July 2011. P. Willemé and J. Geerts Federal Planning Bureau. ANCIEN WP 6: Objectives. Simulating future number of formal and informal care users, informal and formal carers between 2010 and 2060
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Projecting future needs, use and supply of LTC in Europe • iHEA, Toronto, 10 – 13 July 2011 P. Willemé and J. Geerts Federal Planning Bureau
ANCIEN WP 6: Objectives • Simulating future number of formal and informal care users, informal and formal carers between 2010 and 2060 • For countries representative of different types of LTC systems in Europe • Under different disability scenarios • Using cross-nationally harmonized data
Components of the projection model • Care needs model: disability by age and gender (NIDI) • Use of care models: Institutionalisation model (home / residential care) Home care model (No care, formal care, informal care, both) • Supply of informal care model (London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE) -Probability of being informal caregiver • Formal care labour supply
2-stage model of care use Projected numbers of pers. 65+ Groups by age (A), gender (G), disability (D), other (O) Stage 1 Logit model residential care use Persons residing at home Residential care users Multinomial model home care use Stage 2 Persons using no LTC Users of formal personal care only Users of informal personal care only Users of informal and formal personal*care
Stage 1 data and model • Logit models for the Netherlands and Spain of probability of use of residential care (samples: national survey data, 2007-2008) NL: “Elderly in institutions” (OII) + “Supplementary services use research” (AVO) SP: “Encuesta de Discapacidad, Autonomia personal y situaciones de dependencia • Dependent variables: Age groups Gender ADL limitations (0, 1-2, 3+) Dementia Informal care availability (proxy) Income Number of chronic diseases
Stage 2 data and model Dependent variable: Help with personal care: no care, informal care only, formal care only, formal and informal care Sample (Share) Pooled wave1 and 2 data Respondents 65+ and over n (weighted sample): The Netherlands 2,134 Germany 2,491 Spain 2,265 Italy 2,587
Stage 2 data and model (cont’d) Independent variables, selection based on literature review and WP3 model results Age (5 year categories, 85+), gender, household composition (alone, with others), having children ADL limitations (based on 5 ADL items), recoded: 0 limitation, 1 limitation, 2 limitations, 3 or more limitations; IADL limitations (based on 7 IADL items), recoded: 0 limitation, 1 limitation, 2 limitations, 3 or more limitations) Number of chronic conditions Cognitive functioning (orientation, numeracy, recall and verbal fluency items, recoded into 5 categories) Education (based on ISCED97 classification) recoded into low (ISCED97 0-1), medium (ISCED 97 2-4), high (ISCED97 5-6) Income (standardised household income deciles) Model: Multinomial logit model, cluster robust variance estimations
NL: First projection results • Total population by disability status (all scenarios) Breakdown by A, G, D, H, E, O • Disabled population by care setting Demographic, BMI and SMOK scenarios • DELAY scenario: Formal care use by age groups Home care use by household composition Formal home care use by age group (CBS household projection)
Formal home care use by age group (CBS household projection)
Projection of number of informal carers (LSE: Linda Pickard and Derek King) • Logit models of probability of providing informal care (NL) • Estimated separately for Care provided by adults aged under 50 (Eurobarometer data) To older parents Care provided by persons aged 50 and over (SHARE data) To older generation To older partners • Independent variables: age, gender, education, marital status
Projection of number of informal carers (cont’d) • These models are used as cell-based projection models • Preliminary results for NL: Show increase of around 7% in numbers of informal care givers between 2010 and 2060 Show decline in numbers providing care to ‘older generation’ and increase in numbers providing care to older partners • Apparently more informal care givers than recipients... ...but further calibration of model now being undertaken • Drivers: demographics, increasing life expectancy of males, changing marital status composition
The road ahead ... • Build LTC use projection models for D, SP and PL • Build informal care projection models for D, SP and PL • Project numbers of formal carers • Include costs in projections • Set up and run alternative (policy) scenarios