Elements and Principles of Design

1. Elements and Principlesof Design The Building Blocks Used to Create a Work of Art. By: Lorri Doubrava

2. Elements of Design Artist use the following tools to express their ideas. Color Value Lines Texture Shape and Form Space

3. Color is what is perceived when different wavelengths of light hit the retina of the eye. Our brains interpret the reflected wavelengths as color. Color is the element of art that is derived from reflected light.

4. Some Characteristics – Width Length Movement Pattern Shading Linesare linear marks with many characteristics.

5. Although shapes may have height and width, they are usually flat (two-dimensional). Geometric shapes include squares, circles, triangles, rectangles , and ovals. Shape - an enclosed line.

6. Characteristics – Height Width Thickness Types Sphere Cone Cylinder Cube Forms are three-dimensional.

7. Variations in value can create focal points and the illusion of depth. Value - the lightness or darkness of a color.

8. Textures can be tactile (physical) or visual. Varying patterns of light and dark areas will help create texture. Texture is the feel of a surface.

9. Positive space is the object. Negative space is the voided area surrounding the object. Overlapping objects gives the illusion of space. Space is the area on which the artist works.

10. M.C. Escher is known for his drawings where there is no distinction between positive and negative spaces.

11. The different ways an artist uses the elements to create a unified work of art. Balance Contrast Rhythm/Movement Repetition Emphasis Unity Principles of Design

12. Designers use balance to create stability or equilibrium in a work of art. Balance can be affected by the size and value of an object. Balance is visual weight.

13. Symmetrical balance is achieved when all of the elements are of equal weight and are placed evenly on a page. Symmetrical Balance

14. Asymmetrical Balance • Asymmetrical balance occurs when the objects on each side of the design are different. Asymmetrical balance can be achieved by skillful use of design elements, including value, color, and texture.

15. Radial Balance • Radial balance occurs when all of the elements radiate out from the center.

16. Contrast creates excitement or interest in the design. Contrast can be achieved by a difference in size, color, texture, or shape. Contrastis the variation of elements in a design.

17. Rhythm is the way your eye moves throughout a design or picture. Rhythm is created by the repetition of elements. Rhythm/Movement

18. Rhythm/Movement • Repetition of lines and forms can create optical illusions that cause our eyes to see movement.

19. Repetition • Repetition is the repeating of elements. • Add variation to your repetition in order to prevent monotony.

20. Emphasis • Emphasis is drawing attention to main point. • All elements can work together to direct your eye to the focal point.

21. Unity • Unity is making all of the elements and principles work together to form a work of art.

22. Sources • Slide 1 - http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/space.htm • Slide 3 - http://www.picturesof.net/_gallery/_Nature/ • Slide 4 - http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/line.htm • Slide 5 – Microsoft Clip Art • Slide 6 - http://www.vb-helper.com/Images/27balls1.gif • Slide 7 - http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/color.htm • Slide 8 - http://www.kestan.com/travel/dc/dc_index.htm • Slide 9 - http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/space.htm • Slide 10 - http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/horse.htm • Slide 12 – Microsoft Clip Art

23. Sources Cont. • Slide 13 and 14 http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/balance.htm • Slide 15 - http://www.picturesof.net/_gallery/_Plants/index6.html • Slide 16 - http://www.kestan.com/travel/dc/dc_index.htm • Slide 17 and 18 http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/movement.htm • Slide 19 and 20 - http://www.kestan.com/travel/dc/dc_index.htm • Slide 21 - http://members1.clubphoto.com/janet25802/9081/guest_icons.phtml