Effects of nonviolence resistance during the Civil Rights Movement.

1. Effects of nonviolence resistance during the Civil Rights Movement. By: Tony Paterniti

2. How it came about • Martin Luther King started the use of nonviolence resistance when he moved to Montgomery where he became a leader off a bus boycott. • Martin Luther King learned of non violence through reading about Mohandas K. Gandhi, Henry D. Thoreau, and Christ.

3. Thesis statement • The idea of nonviolent resistance African Americans used during the Civil Rights Movement like bus boycotts, sit-ins, and marches. • Boycotts • Sit-ins • Marches

4. Boycotts • Boycott – to not use something, buy something, deal something, ect. as a group • Because African Americans were not treated fairly on public transportation they protested by not riding.

5. Montgomery Bus Boycott • The Montgomery Bus boycott started on Dec. 5, 1955 and lasted and lasted almost a year with more then 90% of Montgomery's African Americans joining it. • Set of by Rosa Parks being arrested for not giving up her seat for a white person and other incidents where African Americans were not treated fairly on buses.

6. MIA • The night of the first day of the boycott there was a meeting among the people that set up the boycott. • In the meeting the Montgomery Improvement Association(MIA) was formed to make future decisions of the boycott and other inequality issues in Montgomery. • Here is where Martin L. King came to power of Civil Rights Movement where he was elected president of the MIA.

7. Boycotts were a success • On Nov. 13, 1956 the Supreme Court says Alabama's segregation laws are unconditional and had to go. • Montgomery found out a day later of the Supreme Court decision in a MIA meeting deciding what to do about the possible stopping of car pools.

8. Freedom Rides • Designed to test the supreme court decision of fully integrated transportation. • The first freedom ride started on the 4th of May in 1961 intended to go from Washington, D.C. to New Orleans. • Beaten, Burned, and bombed by angry white mobs twice on the trip. • Freedom riders still did not stop because of the angry white mobs. • Another group of freedom riders were attacked in Montgomery where Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy ordered hundreds of marshals to keep the city in order.

9. Freedom Rides

10. Sit-Ins • Sit-ins – a nonviolent protest were people sit-in somewhere until they are served. • During the Civil Rights Movement African Americans would sit-in any place that denied them or separated them from whites until they were served or arrested.

11. Sit-ins begining • Sit-ins began when 4 students from a college in Greensboro, SC and sat in a local department store at a whites only counter and refused to move until they were served or arrested.

12. SNCC • Sit-ins also led to the formation of the student nonviolent coordinating committee. • After a couple weeks of the new protest sit-ins that were going 200 of the students participating were called together for a conference. • Martin L. King was one of the man speakers there and told the students they needed some kind of organization to continue the new protests. • Helped out tremendously with the Civil Movement until 5 yrs. After they were formed when the abandoned the nonviolent part due to impatience.

13. Sit–ins • During sit-ins the people that were participating in them were treated terribly angry white people. • People that were protesting were usually beaten, mouthed off to, and had items thrown at them by angry white people. • In the end Sit-ins got African Americans served because by them sitting in taking up all the seats the store could not turn a profit due to no room for other customers.

14. Marches • During The Civil Rights Movement African Americans had marches. • The marches started of small in littler cities. • Then grew larger in fact 1 made it all the way to Washington where thousands of protesters black or white Marched for jobs and freedom For the minorities. • Martin after had his “I Have A Dream” speech.

15. Marches • Marches were probably the most motivational form of protests it reminded people what they were doing and that they are proud of how far they came and will keep going. • MLKs “I Have A Dream Speech” told about how African Americans were promised Freedom after the Civil War and still are not completely free 100 yrs later.

16. March on Washington • President Kennedy at first did not want the march to go on because fear of a massive riot that could happen with the amounts of people. • March on Washington went very smoothly with no Riots • Soon after Kennedy introduced a new Civil Rights Bill. • Ended up being signed by vice president Johnson after Kennedy's assassination.

17. Non violence • Nonviolence protest was the main fuel of the civil rights movement. • Got African Americans total equality to whites in the end. • Pushed the Civil Rights act 64’ tremendously.