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Phosphorus

Phosphorus. Petra Kučerová Michaela Salajková. Physical properties. Non-metallic Density: 1,83 g/cm 3 Melting point: 41 °C Boiling point: 277 °C Standart state: solid Colour: white, red and black. Chemical properties. The 15th group of periodic table 3 alotropic modifications

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Phosphorus

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  1. Phosphorus Petra Kučerová Michaela Salajková

  2. Physical properties • Non-metallic • Density: 1,83 g/cm3 • Melting point: 41 °C • Boiling point: 277 °C • Standart state: solid • Colour: white, red and black

  3. Chemical properties • The 15th group of periodic table • 3 alotropic modifications • Insoluble in water • Soluble in carbon disulphide (= rozpustný v sirouhlíku) • Biogenic element

  4. White phosphorus • Waxy (= měkký jako vosk) • Toxic • Pyrophoric (= samozápalný) • Phosphorescing vapors (= fosforeskující páry) • Very reactive • By heating to 250 °C changes into the red modification

  5. Red phosphorus • Non-toxic • Less reactive than the white one • Amorphous substance (= amorfní látka) • Stable on air

  6. Black phosphorus • Crystal structure • Metallic lustre (= kovový lesk) • Heat conductor (= vodič tepla) • Conductor of electric current (= vodič el. proudu) • The least reactive of all modifications • Non-toxic

  7. History • Discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand • Isolated from urine (= získán z moči) • Name – from Greek - Phosphoros = „bringer of light“

  8. Occurence(= výskyt) • Only compounds (apatite, phosphorite) • Heavy occurence in the earth´s crust (= zemská kůra)

  9. DNA, RNA

  10. Lipids, bones

  11. Uses 1 • Safety matches • Pyrotechnics • Coca-cola • Bone-ash - monocalcium phosphate – baking powder (= kostní moučka; prášek do pečiva)

  12. Uses 2 • Fertilizers (= hnojiva) • Pesticides • Alloys (= slitiny) • Clean agents • Water softeners

  13. Hazards and risks • 0,1 g of white phosphorus is deadly toxic • Chronic poisoning of white phosphorus leads to necrosis of the jaw („phossy jaw“)

  14. Thanks for your attention

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