1 / 31

Chemistry of Life: Atoms, Molecules, and Bonds

This chapter explores the fundamental concepts of the particles that make up atoms, how molecules form, how molecules stick together, and the important molecules and ions in living things.

catherinegraham
Download Presentation

Chemistry of Life: Atoms, Molecules, and Bonds

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Image from: http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/chemhydrocarbon.htm The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2-1 and 2-2 KEY CONCEPTS: What particles make up atoms? How do molecules form? How do molecules stick together? What molecules/ions are important to living things?

  2. Video 1 Video 1 Atomic Structure 2A • Click the image to play the video segment.

  3. Atoms are the ________________: ______________ ______________ are found ______________ ______________ _______________ in ____________________ Animation from: http://www.wjcc.k12.va.us/ROBB/Atom%20Animation%20Resources_files/image003.gif

  4. Atoms differ in __________ of _______, ________,& _______ Image from: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2004/lect02.htm

  5. Atoms that have _________________ have an_____________ andare called__________ They are writtenwith a + or –next to theirsymbol

  6. Atoms/ions important for living things Used to make bigger molecules Ions = electrically charged atoms • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________ • ____________

  7. Hydrogen Ions (H+) http://www.guardiantrader.com/images/ph_scale.gif The number of ____ ions determines how _______ a solution will be. More H+ = more acidic

  8. ATOMS CAN ______TOGETHER TO _____________________ Ex: Joining 2 HYDROGENatoms with 1 OXYGEN atom makes one ______ molecule. A _______________ tells _________ of and __________ atoms are in a molecule EX: ________ http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.html

  9. VERY, VERY LARGE MOLECULES = ____________________ EXAMPLE: Insulin = C254 H377 N65 O76 S6 Image from: http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/tutorials/chemistry/page2.html

  10. MOLECULES CAN BE SHOWN IN DIFFERENT WAYS Water molecule: http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.html H2O Other Images by: Riedell

  11. Image from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html Polar Molecules Because of the location of electrons in molecules, some molecules have an _________ pattern of ____________________ More ___ on one side; More ___ on the other EX: water More about this in Chapter 7

  12. EX: PHOSPHOLIPIDS The same molecule can have bothPOLAR and NON-POLARparts _________ __________ More about this in Chapter 7 Image by Riedell

  13. WHAT HOLDS MOLECULES TOGETHER? Molecules are _____________by the ________ between ______________ regions of nearby molecules = _____________________ http://www.examstutor.com/chemistry/resources/studyroom/bonding/intermolecular_forces/2_van_de_waals_forces.php

  14. HYDROGEN BONDS Bonds that form between the_________ charged _____________ in one molecule and a __________ charged _________ in a nearby molecule are called _____________________ EX: water molecules are held together by Hydrogen bonds Hydrogen bond animation Images from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

  15. _________ is the most important atom found in living things It can join to _______ other atoms at same time It can form ______ or _____ so it can make lots of different kinds of molecules. Images from: http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/chemhydrocarbon.htm

  16. http://www.mrbigler.com/Chem1-C1/topics/vsepr/VSEPR_files/image002.gifhttp://www.mrbigler.com/Chem1-C1/topics/vsepr/VSEPR_files/image002.gif __________ moleculesare found __________ and _____________ atoms http://biologyjunction.com/organic_model_project_bi.htm

  17. “Like dissolves like” ____________________ means “water loving” _________ groups/molecules try to _________ and touch water or ______________ molecules Water makes a great solvent in living things because so many molecules found in living things are polar or have a charge. http://www.makash.ac.il/h_school/hst/hstsb/chem/luach/dissolve.jpg

  18. http://egullet.com/imgs/egci/nonstocksauce/nons1.JPG “Like dissolves like” _________________ means “water fearing” ___________ groups/molecules try to _________ other __________ molecules and __________ ________ molecules Oil based paints dissolve in solvents such as turpentine . . . not water.

  19. http://mchi.mcallenisd.org/mchi/site/hosting/ipc/ipc/ipcch23htm/ipcch23sec2.htmhttp://mchi.mcallenisd.org/mchi/site/hosting/ipc/ipc/ipcch23htm/ipcch23sec2.htm “Like dissolves like” ______ works because it has a _____________ that dissolves _______ and a __________ that dissolves in _____ to wash away oily dirt.

  20. A chemical equation tells what happens in a chemical reaction when molecules interact. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H20 _______________ ________________ Molecules that react Molecules that are produced → Image by RIedell

  21. REMEMBER:ALL the chemical reactions that happen in cells = _____________ Chemical reactions can _____ molecules together. Chemical reactions can ______ molecules apart.

  22. One way to join molecules to make a bigger molecule is by ________ a _______ molecule to make a bond. = ____________________ reaction See an animation http://science.nhmccd.edu/BIOL/dehydrat/dehydrat.html

  23. DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS“dehydration” “synthesis” =_____________ _____________ http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/macromol/sld003.htm http://www.usd116.org/apalla/biology/unit3/notes/3notes1.htm

  24. _________________ is a ________________ reaction in whichmany _____________ thatare ________ join to make a bigger molecule These small units arecalled ______________ The big molecule theymake is called a _____________ Image by RIedell

  25. EXAMPLE: _________ subunits (A,T,G,C) join together to make a _____ molecule http://www.freewebs.com/genetics37/genetics101.htm

  26. Chemical reactions can also ________ molecules apart. ______________ = kind of chemical reaction in which a molecule is broken apart by addinga________ molecule. “_____” = water “_____” = break apart See an animation http://science.nhmccd.edu/BIOL/dehydrat/dehydrat.html

  27. HYDROLYSIS is the _________ of DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS. Adding a water molecule breaks the bond. http://www.usd116.org/apalla/biology/unit3/notes/3notes1.htm

  28. http://student.ccbcmd.edu/biotutorials/energy/adpan.html ATP is the energy molecule used by all cells. Breaking a bond using hydrolysis is the way ENERGY is released. More on this is Chapters 7, 8,& 9

  29. Living things _______ of these kinds of _______ (and MORE) to get the _______they need. http://www.animationlibrary.com http://www.cibike.org/CartoonEating.gif

  30. WATER is important for all living things Average person ~~ 60-70% water Babies ~~ 78% Human brain ~~90% Image from: http://sjr.state.fl.us/programs/outreach/pubs/irl_update/images/water_glass.jpg

  31. WHY Water is important to cells: 1. It’s __________ so it can ____________ lots of different substances. 2. It can _________ lots of ______ _______________________________ very much. (That helps with _________________) 3. ____________________ form between water molecules so they stick together. 4.Water is an important ___________________ in many CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

More Related