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Examining the Feasibility and Properties of Bio-based Paving Binders: Soy Soapstock

John E. Haddock, Ph.D., P.E. Associate Professor School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette, IN. Examining the Feasibility and Properties of Bio-based Paving Binders: Soy Soapstock. Acknowledgements. Joseph Seidel, P.E. Graduate Research Assistant

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Examining the Feasibility and Properties of Bio-based Paving Binders: Soy Soapstock

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  1. John E. Haddock, Ph.D., P.E. Associate Professor School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette, IN Examining the Feasibility and Properties of Bio-based Paving Binders: Soy Soapstock

  2. Acknowledgements • Joseph Seidel, P.E. Graduate Research Assistant School of Civil Engineering • Bernie Tao, Ph.D. Professor School of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

  3. A Century of Asphalt http://www.riethriley.com/page_images/Dearborn_042_size425.jpg

  4. Crude Oil Production

  5. Asphalt Pricing Volatility

  6. Current Climate • 94% of U.S. paved roads are paved with asphalt • Refined from a nonrenewable resource • Refining methods can make asphalt scarce and more expensive • Enormous demand for maintenance applications

  7. Possible Solution • Time to examine renewable bio-alternatives as binding agents in flexible pavement systems.

  8. Technical Feasibility

  9. Technical Feasibility

  10. Technical Feasibility Shell E Ecopave

  11. Economic Feasibility

  12. Economic Feasibility Soapstock Supply Asphalt Demand World Demand for Asphalt in 2004 – about 110 million tons 85% toward paving products United States represented 36% of the world demand • Availability will increase with increased commercial use of soybean oil and soy-based resins • Estimated 0.5 million tons/yr produced

  13. Economic Feasibility • Will it raise food prices? • What about additional fuel and fertilizer use? • Since soapstock is a byproduct of soybean oil processing, its utilization will not be an impetus for growth • Will it compete with existing/future markets? • Protein source in animal feed (existing) • Biodiesel (possibly)

  14. Environmental Feasibility • Currently used as an environmentally friendly dust suppressant • Known for its biodegradability and low volatility • As a flexible binder material it will need to be evaluated using the standardized tests

  15. Desired Binder Attributes • Workable • Stable (oxidation resistance) • Durable • Flexible • Fatigue resistant • Tolerant to thermal changes • Resistant to moisture damage

  16. Research Methodology • Testing various material constituents using a statistical approach

  17. Research Overview

  18. Conclusions • The use of soybean soapstock as a pavement binder appears to be technically feasible • Current supply is not equivalent to demand, but could work in a regional approach • Appears to be a cost-effective alternative to asphalt binders • Currently is environmentally friendly • Questions about possible environmental damage from additional cultivation

  19. Questions?

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