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EVOLUTION

EVOLUTION. Unit Target: Communicate scientific information that common ancestr y and biological evolution are supported by multiple lines of empirical evidence. Learning Target: Investigate how a theory develops and may change over time. (skill). True or False? Theories never change.

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EVOLUTION

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  1. EVOLUTION Unit Target: Communicate scientific information that common ancestry and biological evolution are supported by multiple lines of empirical evidence.

  2. Learning Target: Investigate how a theory develops and may change over time. (skill) True or False? Theories never change. False: Theories change as new information becomes available. A Theory is a well tested explanation of observations. True

  3. Which scientific explanation has undergone more testing- a hypothesis or a theory? A theory.

  4. EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION Name 4 sources of evidence for evolution discussed in class. • The fossil record • Anatomical structures • Biochemicals such as DNA and amino acids • Patterns of embryo development

  5. Learning Target: Describe the key ideas formulated by Charles Darwin. (reasoning) What does each letter stand for? V I S T Variation Inheritance Selection Time

  6. Match each of Darwin’s key ideas with a description. VARIATION INHERITANCE SELECTION TIME The passing down of traits. The different characteristics found in a single species. A unit of measurement reflecting generations of offspring. More organisms are produced than can survive due to limited resources so the most fit survive.

  7. Match each of Darwin’s key ideas with an example. VARIATION INHERITANCE SELECTION TIME One frog has a white belly and one frog has a yellow belly. After many years, the color of the frog population changed from light to dark. The dark colored frogs in the pond were camouflaged so they survived and reproduced. The dark colored frogs passed on their genes to their offspring.

  8. Learning Target: Interpret a model evolutionary tree based on the morphology and age of fossils. (skill) What letter represent the oldest common ancestor? F What letter represents the most recent common ancestor of B and C? E

  9. How are fossil records evidence for evolution? • Fossils show changes in species over time. B. Fossils are an example of natural selection. C. Fossils prove the “fitness” of an organism. • All of the above. A. By creating evolutionary trees from fossils, scientists can observe the changes that occur in a species over time. Remember- we can determine the age of a fossils through radiometric dating.

  10. Learning Target: Given examples of anatomical structures, determine the type: homologous, analogous or vestigial. (R) Fill in the blank with: homologous, analogous or vestigial. Body parts that share a common function but not structure are called __________________. Body parts in animals that are reduced in size but resemble structures in other organisms are called _________________. Structures that are shared by related species and are inherited by a common ancestor are called _____________________. Analogous Vestigial Homologous

  11. Match the anatomical structure to the correct example. Homologous structure Analogous structure Vestigial structure There are 7 vertebra in the neck of a giraffe and the neck of a human. (similar structures and common ancestor-mammals) The jointed leg of an insect and the jointed leg of a cow. (Insects and cows do not share a common ancestor) Pelvis and limb bones in a snake. (structures are not functional)

  12. How do anatomical structures provide evidence for evolution? • They may show evidence of common ancestry. • They may explain why a structure that is not functional is present in an organism. • All structures of all organisms are basically the same. • Both A and B are correct. D.

  13. Target: Analyze amino acids sequences for common patterns among organisms. (skill) The table shows how many differences there are in the enzyme Cytochrome c in other species compared to humans. Which species is most like a human in this manner? Chimpanzee Which species is least like a human? Red bread mold.

  14. How can biochemicals provide evidence for evolution? A. All living things are basically formed of the same chemicals. B. All living can produce complex chemicals necessary for life. C. All living things inherit genes (biochemicals) from their parents. D. All of the above. D.

  15. Learning Target: Evaluate current evolutionary studies involving molecular biology. (reasoning) True of False: DNA is a code. True If we learn the DNA code for each organism we will be able to determine if species are related. True If we learn how species are genetically related we can also learn more about how they evolved. True

  16. If similar fossils are found on different continents, what does that mean about the former position of the continents. • It is likely that the continents were once connected.

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