S. Bartlett, D. Negussey , C. Farnsworth, A. Stuedlein

1. Construction and Long-Term Performance of Transportation Infrastructure Constructed Using EPS Geofoam on Soft Soil Sites in Salt Lake Valley, Utah S. Bartlett, D. Negussey, C. Farnsworth, A. Stuedlein

2. Selected Topics • Geotechnical Conditions in Salt Lake Valley • Geotechnologies • 100 South Street Array • 3300 South Street Array • State Street Array • Settlement Performance of Other Geotechnologies

3. I-15 Great Salt Lake I-215 Wasatch Mountains I-80 I-80 I-80 I-15 I-215 I-215 Oquirrh Mountains I-15

4. Geotechnical ConditionsSubsurface Profile in Salt Lake Valley Alluvium Bonneville Clay Soft Clay (10-m thick) Pleistocene Alluvium Cutler Clay

5. Geotechnical ConditionsSettlement Record 12 m 1.4 m

6. Geotechnologies PV Drains 2-Stage MSE Walls

7. Geotechnologies Lime Cement Columns EPS Geofoam

8. Geofoam Placement Areas • 500 N • 100 S • 400 S • 900 S • 1300 S • State St • 2100 S • 3300 S

9. Primary Uses of Geofoam on the I-15 Project • Reduce Settlement to Protect Buried Utilities • Improve Slope Stability of Embankments • Rapid Construction in Time Critical Areas

10. EPS Density * Type VIII was used for I-15 Reconstruction

11. Geotechnical InstrumentationVW Pressure Cells

12. LEVEL 6 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 0 Geotechnical InstrumentationMagnet Extensometers

13. Geotechnical InstrumentationHorizontal Inclinometer

14. Geotechnical InstrumentationSurveying

15. 100 South Instrumentation Array 100 South • 500 N • 100 S • 400 S • 900 S • 1300 S • State St • 2100 S • 3300 S

16. 100 South Array(Construction)

17. 100 South Array(cross-section view)

18. 100 South Array(profile view)

19. 100 South Array(Load and Pressure Cells)

20. 100 South Array(Vertical Strain)

21. 100 South Array(Creep Settlment)

22. 3300 South Instrumentation Array • 500 N • 100 S • 400 S • 900 S • 1300 S • State St • 2100 S • 3300 S 3300 South

23. 3300 South Array(Construction)

24. 3300 South Geofoam Array(Cross-Sectional View)

25. 3300 South Array(Load and Pressure Cells)

26. 3300 South Array(Vertical Settlement / Strain) 1 % vertical strain (end of construction)

27. 3300 South Array(Creep Settlement)

28. State Street Instumentation State Street • 500 N • 100 S • 400 S • 900 S • 1300 S • State St • 2100 S • 3300 S

29. State Street Construction State Street Array

30. State Street Array

31. State Street Array(Pressure Cells Measurements)

32. Geotechnologies’ Settlement Performance

33. Conclusions • EPS geofoam exhibited the best overall settlement performance of the I-15 geotechnologies • Compression, seating and inter-block gap closure of EPS produced about 1 percent vertical deformation during construction loading. • Vertical pressure levels are in reasonable agreement with allowable design limits of about 30 kPa. • I-15 EPS embankment has undergone about 0.2 to 0.4 percent creep deformation in a 10-year post construction period. • The 10-year design criterion has been met and the 50-year design criterion of 1.5 percent total strain will most likely be met.

34. Questions