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The Problem

This overview delves into the models of social service systems in the context of privatization and contracting. It covers concepts like New Public Management principles, various service delivery categories, and the balance between hard and soft services. The discussion includes the roles of macro-physical services like highways and electricity, as well as micro-physical services in health, education, and community development. Different forms of decentralized service delivery in unitary and federal systems are examined with global examples to illustrate the diverse approaches utilized.

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The Problem

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Problem Models of Social Services Systems: The Context of Privatization and Contracting

  2. Overview • Concepts: New Public Management Principles • Social Services • Re-inventing Government • Subsidiarity • Privatization • Contracting Out

  3. Service Delivery Systems and Categories of Service Delivery • Issue of “size”: hard services or soft with capital or recurrent costs • Macro--Physical Services • Highways, Sewerage Main Lines, Electricity • Deconcentrated or Privatized • Micro--Physical Services • Devolved or Delegated

  4. Service Delivery Systems and Categories of Service Delivery • Issue of “size”: hard services or soft with capital or recurrent costs • Social Services--Health, Education or Community Development (such as Social Funds) • Delegated or Contracted • Investment or Production • Privatized

  5. Service Delivery Systems and Categories of Service Delivery • Private Provision • Use of conventional Markets • Contracts with public agencies • Monopoly Franchises • Management Contracts • Vouchers • Consumer Cooperatives

  6. Alternative Service Delivery Systems: Decentralization • Federal Relationship • Some power lies with National Unit • Some power lies with lower units

  7. Alternative Service Delivery Systems • Federal Relationship • Key distinction: • Lower units cannot break away from National Unit • National Units cannot take power away from lower units • Under Federalism: One can transfer additional authority back to sub-units but not take power from federated governments

  8. Alternative Service Delivery Systems • Federal Relationship • Examples • USA • Canada • Germany • Nigeria • India • Russian Federation • Austria • Switzerland • Malaysia

  9. Alternative Service Delivery Systems • Unitary Systems and Sub-regional units • All power ultimately lies at national level • Local level power is given by national level • Power that national unit has given to local level can also be taken from it

  10. Alternative Service Delivery Systems • Unitary Systems and Sub-regional units • Examples • United Kingdom • France • Kenya • Ivory Coast • South Africa? • Japan

  11. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • Concept: • Transfer of authority to a lower level of government • Primary Unit of Government: • Lowest level that carries a bureaucracy with it

  12. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • “Devolution”: Transfer to non-Federal political body • Budget and personal authority to district and town councils • Key--power lies with lower level politicians

  13. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • De-concentration: Transfer to non-Federal political body • Transfer of authority to administrators at lower level within the administrative system • Delegation • Public Corporations or parastatals • Privatization

  14. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • Program and Project Decentralization: • Sectoral - By regular line or agency within a Ministry • e.g. Focused activity - seed production (Green Revolution) • agricultural experiments

  15. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • Program and Project Decentralization: • Deconcentration or Devolution of authority to central level special unit • e.g. Water, health or education projects to subordinate administrative or council structures • Port authorities

  16. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • Program and Project Decentralization: • Inter-Ministerial Committees or Units • Planning supervision • Overlapping memberships, e.g. Land Use Planning

  17. Forms of Decentralized Service Delivery in Unitary Systems • Program and Project Decentralization: • Creation of field level Special Project Units with semi-autonomous status • Range Management project • Integrated Rural Development

  18. Integrated Rural Development • Most well-known type of special project: • Special designated geographical areas • Multitude of project activity in different sectors that may overlap or compliment

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