Writers' responsibilities  Readers

1. Writers' responsibilitiesReaders

2. Unique but Common Books Hamlet by Williams Shakespeare Middlesex by Jeffery Eugenides

3. Common Techniques to readers Basis Creation Symbols Appearance Different Levels

4. Basis Creation Hamlet The primum mobile The appearance of old Hamlet The role of Claudius

5. Before any evil can establish itself in Hamlet’s mind, there must be a basis for this evil for readers to search.

6. Details of the basis in Hamlet All the three passages are in order to fulfill the purpose of evil.

7. Details of the basis in Middlesex The reader can explore the developing relationships, which is much more interesting to address the theme of gender confusion and the effects on the family from a scientific point of view.

8. Middlesex The narrator does not leave any character out or plots appearing , so that the reader may understand the development of the main character from the basic explanation.

9. Symbols Appearance. Hamlet

10. “Allusion”=Symbols in Hamlet Serpent The impact Seducer of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

11. Impact Hamlet (Author) Hamlet (Readers) The audience has two clear pictures of the literary foils: Claudius as the evil one, Hamlet as the good one. Having laid out a cover, the evil has not forgotten its real purpose. Hamlet must now begin to let his potential control his actions and in order to do so, he must understand his role. • The derivative of his guilt.(In Christian tradition) • Hamlet is given the chance to literally destroy the initial sin. • Later on, Claudius admits that he has killed Old Hamlet. • The super evil reveals himself. . Shakespeare has laid the perfect cover for Hamlet in these two hints to Claudius’ guilt

12. Symbols in Middlesex Symbols Objects Mythological allusions Impacts

13. Middlesex Objects Mythological allusions Desdemona’ssilkworm box. Calliope' name itself A new breed of silkworms The Greek goddess of epic poetry. Giving up the worms Playing the role of Tiresias The author’s irony Filling itself

14. Impact!!!!! The symbols make the reader attentive to the meaning of the work itself. They also help to characterize Calliope, by adding self-awareness to her mind that will ultimately lead to her decision to live as a man. (Eugenides 439) Apart from underlining the story, the symbols make Calliope’s situation more understandable. It seems more natural after being put in an acceptable context. Furthermore, the allusions are proof that intersexuality is part of history. The symbols show once again the appropriate style that Eugenides applies in his novel.

15. Levels Set Up.............. -.Hamlet -.Middlesex

16. Levels' comparison. Hamlet Middlesex The feeling towards comfort and peace. Pursuing comfort in order to live a good life The finding of comfort for Calliope does not give her the same feeling. • The evil part of Hamlet • Searching for the evil part of Hamlet’s mind. • Not a state that is present from the beginning of the play, but a development due to the dramatic action.

17. Presentand Past levels Hamlet Past: A good foil: fighting for evils Present: Evil is taking over his mind Taking actions Evil’s spreading to the environment. Middlesex Past: Searching for comfort and peace: living with parents. Present: Gender confusion The horrors of working in the pornographic industry Seeing the benefits of the past

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