1 / 12

Normalization Forms

Learn about the rules of database normalization, including first, second, and third normal forms, and how they ensure data integrity and reduce redundancy. Explore examples and understand the importance of each form.

ccannon
Download Presentation

Normalization Forms

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Normalization Forms

  2. Normal Forms • There are a few rules for database normalization. Each rule is called a "normal form." • Initially Codd (1972) presented three normal forms (1NF, 2NF and 3NF) all based on functional dependencies among the attributes of a relation • If the first rule is observed, the database is said to be in "first normal form." If the first three rules are observed, the database is considered to be in "third normal form."

  3. First Normal Form A database is in first normal form if it satisfies the following conditions: • Contains only atomic values • There are no repeating groups in individual tables. • There exist a primary key for each set of related data.

  4. Example

  5. Example • A repeating group means that a table contains two or more columns that are closely related. For example, a table that records data on a book and its author(s) with the following columns: • [Book ID], [Author 1], [Author 2], [Author 3] is not in 1NF because [Author 1], [Author 2], and [Author 3] are all repeating the same attribute.

  6. 2nd Normal Form A database is in second normal form if it satisfies the following conditions: • It is in first normal form • All non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key

  7. Example

  8. Example

  9. Third Normal Form A table is in third normal form when the following conditions are met: • It is in second normal form. • There is no transitive functional dependency

  10. Example

More Related