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Engr 270 - AGENDA

Engr 270 - AGENDA. Class Website Syllabus Introduction Review of Chemistry Name Game Lab Guide Lab Groups First Day Survey Lab #1?. Engr 270: Introduction to Materials Science & Engineering. Course Objective. Understand the relationship between structure and properties of materials

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Engr 270 - AGENDA

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  1. Engr 270 - AGENDA • Class Website • Syllabus • Introduction • Review of Chemistry • Name Game • Lab Guide • Lab Groups • First Day Survey • Lab #1?

  2. Engr 270: Introduction to Materials Science & Engineering Course Objective... • Understand the relationship between structure and properties of materials • Design or engineer structure to produce a predetermined set of properties You will learn about: • • material structure • how structure dictates properties • how processing can change structure This course will help you to: • use materials properly • realize new design opportunities with materials

  3. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING Structure…internal arrangement of components … has many dimensions subatomic, atomic (molecular) macro vs. micro Properties… can be defined as response to an external stimulus: -10 < 10 atomic bonding -10 missing/extra atoms 10 Mechanical Electrical Thermal Magnetic Optical Deteriorative Force Electric Field Heat Magnetic Field Light Chemicals in environment -8 10 10

  4. Structure, Processing, & Properties • Properties depend on structure ex: hardness vs structure of steel Hardness (BHN) • Processing can change structure ex: structure vs cooling rate of steel

  5. ELECTRICAL • Electrical Resistivity of Copper: • Adding “impurity” atoms to Cu increases resistivity. • Deforming Cu increases resistivity.

  6. THERMAL • Thermal Conductivity of Copper: --It decreases when you add zinc!

  7. MAGNETIC • Magnetic Permeability vs. Composition: --Adding 3 atomic % Si makes Fe a better recording medium!

  8. OPTICAL • Transmittance: --Aluminum oxide may be transparent, translucent, or opaque depending on the material structure. polycrystal: low porosity polycrystal: high porosity single crystal

  9. DETERIORATIVE • Stress & Saltwater... --causes cracks! • Heat treatment: slows crack speed in salt water! --material: 7150-T651 Al "alloy" (Zn,Cu,Mg,Zr)

  10. The Materials Selection Process 1. Pick Application Determine required Properties Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical, deteriorative. 2. Properties Identify candidate Material(s) Material: structure, composition. 3. Material Identify required Processing Processing: changes structure and overall shape ex: formation, heat treatment, creating alloys.

  11. CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS • Metals and Metallic Alloys • Ceramics • Polymers • Composite • Semiconductor • Biomaterials

  12. Review of ChemistryIt’s CLICKER TIME! • The atomic number of an element corresponds to the number of: • a) protons • b) electrons • c) neutrons • d) number of protons and neutrons

  13. 2. Which of the following particles account for most of the mass of an atom? • a) protons • b) electrons • c) neutrons • d) protons and neutrons

  14. 3. Which of the following particles account for most of the volume of an atom? • a) protons • b) electrons • c) neutrons • d) protons and neutrons

  15. 4. The atomic weight corresponds to the mass of • a) protons • b) electrons • c) neutrons • d) protons and neutrons • e) none of the above

  16. 5. Elements in the last (8th) column of the periodic table are called: • a) alkali • b) alkali earth • c) halogens • d) noble gases

  17. 6. Elements in the 7th column of the periodic table are called: • a) alkali • b) alkali earth • c) halogens • d) noble gases

  18. 8. Which of the following elements are the most electronegative? • a) alkali • b) alkali earth • c) halogens • d) noble gases

  19. 9. The interatomic bond that is formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to the other is called • a) ionic • b) covalent • c) metallic • d) secondary

  20. 10. Which of the following bonds is non-directional (no preferred direction)? • a) ionic • b) covalent • c) metallic • d) secondary

  21. Review of Chemistry • Atomic Structure Nucleus Protons: positive charge Neutrons account for mass of atom account for volume of atom Electrons: negative charge - Number of protons - Mass of protons and neutrons (amu or g/mol) - Weighted average of atomic masses of naturally occurring isotopes Atomic Number Atomic Mass Atomic Weight

  22. B. Electron Configuration • How electrons occupy shells and subshells 4 Quantum Numbers: n = 1, 2, 3 4 (shells: KLMN) – Principal quantum numbers l - subshells (s p d f) ml – number of energy states in each subshell (s=1, p=3, d=5, f=7) ms– spin • Valence Electrons • - Electrons in outermost shell • - Participate in bonding

  23. Electronegativity

  24. Bonding Forces and Energy

  25. Interatomic Bonds Ionic Metallic Covalent Secondary or Van der Waals

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