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As an artist, it is crucial to have a basic knowledge of human anatomy to create realistic and believable figures. This understanding helps anticipate form and bridge the gap between observation and depiction. Explore the significance of anatomy in art and its relationship to ideal proportion, the rule of heads, and chiaroscuro. Learn from the practices of masters like Leonardo and Michelangelo. Finally, embark on a fantasy anatomy assignment to further develop your skills and creativity.
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Why Anatomy? As a student of the arts, it is important to know basic human anatomy to give your figures realism and believability. It also helps you to anticipate the form you are drawing and fill in the gaps between what you see and what you need to draw. Why is it important to understand Human Anatomy as an artist?
The Ideal proportion of all living things is… • Phi appears clearly and regularly in the realm of things that grow and unfold in steps, and that includes living things. (like trees and people)The decimal representation of phi is 1.6180339887499... .
Ideal Proportion? • The Golden Mean (or Golden Section), represented by the Greek letter phi, is one of those mysterious natural numbers, like e or pi, that seem to arise out of the basic structure of our cosmos. The Ideal Proportion and composition is also called the “Golden Mean”
The Rule of Heads? • Using the size of the head (width and height) we compare it to the rest of the body. • The ‘ideal’ size of the human body is 7 ½ heads from head to heel. • Males and Females are ‘ideally’ different. (Females are one head smaller. Ideally.) Censored
As an Artist… • It is not important to know the names or even the functions of all the bones, but it is important to know the names and functions of the major parts that make up the basic structure.
The Stick Figure and the Skeleton! Axes head Yes. The ‘stick figure’ has it’s place in art. It is the simplified form of human anatomy and gives us starting place with our figure studies. Thorax Arms Ileum (hips) Legs Patella
Leonardo & Michelangelo • Here is a page from Leonardo’s sketchbook. • Both Leonardo and Michelangelo were so bent on doing realistic figures and understanding the human form that they went against convention, values and even the law to figure it all out. • They each dissected human corpses at the local morgue and drew what they saw.
Finally! Chiaroscuro • Chiaroscuro is the illusion of a single light source to create high contrasting values in order to give the image a more powerful glow. Often this involves a darkened background, rich textures and deep shadows. Léon Augustin Lhermitte An Elderly Peasant Woman, c. 1878
Fantasy Anatomy Assignment! • You will draw on one half, with as much accuracy as possible, an example of human anatomical structure. (keep it PG rated), either muscle or skeletal structure with graphite or charcoal. • On the other half you will draw from your imagination, something that relates in shape, size, and rhythm with colored media. (Oil Pastel or pastel.) • Your choices of media are: Graphite, charcoal, pastel, and oil pastel. • You need to utilize: anatomical drawings (both skeletal, and muscular), drawing technique books, reductive techniques learned from earlier in the semester, etc…
