Menstrual Cycle and Pregnancy: Symptoms, Risks, and Signs of Pregnancy

1. Every cycle the uterus prepares for a pregnancy Endometrium: lining of the uterus which grows to a thick, blood vessel-rich, tissue layer Day 1 period begins

2. Premenstrual Syndrome • Bloating • Cramps: Dysmenorrhea • Tender breasts • Cravings • Mood changes Tampons and Pads

3. TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME WHAT IS IT?

4. Toxic Shock Syndrome is a very rare disease. • WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF TSS • A bacterium called: Staphylococcus aureus

5. SYMPTOMS OF TSS • Sudden high fever (102 F) • Vomiting • Diarrhea • Dizziness, fainting, or near fainting when standing up • A rash that looks like a sunburn • Red eyes, confusion

6. TREATMENT OF TSS • If you get TSS symptoms during your menstrual period, remove your tampon if your are using one and seek medical attention right away. WHO IS AT RISK? Tampon users, especially those ages 15 – 19

7. HOW TO REDUCE YOUR RISK • Change tampons frequently as direction recommend. • never sleep with a tampon in, use pads. • Use the least amount of absorbency to meet your flow needs. • Do not use deodorant tampons.

8. Every cycle the uterus prepares for a pregnancy Endometrium: lining of the uterus which grows to a thick, blood vessel-rich, tissue layer Day 1 period begins

9. Ovulation: The day the egg is released from the ovary. **the only day a woman can get pregnant**

12. Takes 2-5 minutes of the Sperm to reach the fallopian Tubes. Fertilization takes place in the fallopian tube!

13. Sperm • 200 - 400 million sperm in ejaculate of a healthy male • Female body kills 99% of them within 30 minutes. Sperm can survive 2 – 5 days in a female

14. Takes about 4 days for the egg to go through 4 inches of fallopian tube. Pregnancy occurs at the time of implantation.

15. Signs of Pregnancy Usually 40 weeks long. • Missed period • Morning sickness • Breasts change • Pelvis may feel heavy • Frequent urination Sure Signs of Pregnancy • Urine test • Blood test • Internal exam - pelvic tissue is softened around the vaginal opening, slightly purplish, uterus enlarges 7th week

16. Maternal Environment • Nutritionof the mother is important • Infections– rubella causes birth defects, as can other viruses. Sexually transmitted diseases can also cause birth defects. • Alcohol, smoking, drugs and medicinescan cause birth defects • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome– physical effects, learning disabilities etc. • Effects of the Environment– radiation and pollution

17. Paternal Environment • Nutritionof the father is important • vitamin C is necessary for healthy sperm • Infections- example, colds and fevers may affect sperm • Alcohol, smoking, drugs and medicinescan cause deformed sperm which can cause birth defects • Effects of the Environment– radiation and pollution • toxic chemicals

18. Reduce Your Risks • balanced healthy diet – daily prenatal vitamin • exercise, low stress lifestyle • don’t smoke, drink alcohol or use drugs • regular doctor’s appointments, ask questions • avoid using medications and get proper sleep

19. It takes two to make a complete cell 23 chromosomes 23 chromosomes There are 23 pair or 46 total chromosomes in every cell of your body

20. Fraternal Twins

21. Identical Twins

22. Chang Bunker and Eng Bunker born on May 11, 1811 in Siam, (now Thailand) Conjoined Twins

23. Food is digested in two separate stomachs but excreted through shared Intestines; nutrients nourish them both. If they were separated their formerly joined sides could not support functioning prosthetic limbs. Should they stay joined, the twins could have a baby someday. Their life Expectancy is normal, but if one were to fall seriously ill, the other would be in jeopardy.

24. Abby and Brittany

25. http://authors.ck12.org/wiki/index.php/Reproductive_Systems_and_Life_Stageshttp://authors.ck12.org/wiki/index.php/Reproductive_Systems_and_Life_Stages