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Fire Protection Services

Fire Protection Services. By Yik Yu Hock 21 November 2013. Fire Protection Services. Fire Sprinkler System Wet/Dry Riser, Hosereel and Hydrant Design Automatic and Manual Fire Alarm System. Sprinkler Design. Occupancy classification, CP 52 Light Hazard Occupancy

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Fire Protection Services

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  1. Fire Protection Services By Yik Yu Hock 21 November 2013

  2. Fire Protection Services • Fire Sprinkler System • Wet/Dry Riser, Hosereel and Hydrant Design • Automatic and Manual Fire Alarm System

  3. Sprinkler Design • Occupancy classification, CP 52 • Light Hazard Occupancy • Ordinary Hazard Occupancy • High Hazard Occupancy • Types of System • Wet pipe conventional, pre-action, dry pipe, deluge. Differences? • In rack sprinklers • ESFR (Early Suppression and Fast Response) • Water monitor / cannon

  4. Deluge / Pre-Action System

  5. Water Monitors

  6. ESFR Sprinkler • Warehouse • No need for in rack sprinklers • Caution in use • Not suitable for all types of storage (FM / NFPA)

  7. Types of sprinkler

  8. Types of sprinkler

  9. Sprinkler Design • Sprinkler installation CV coverage • Sprinkler coverage • Sprinkler piping • Pipe schedule for OH, LH • Full hydraulic for HH

  10. FS drain test line for FS drain FS FS drain FM P PS vortex inhibitor Typical Sprinkler Schematic test line PRV BI to pipe if highest sprinkler<60m high>60m to tank from PUB main 150 (min) to drain to drain 2 main pumps & 1 jockey pump

  11. Staged Zones • Bottom up / Top Down • Combination of top & bottom feed • Central feed – up & down • Word of Caution!! • 10 bars max • Full size tank • Combined Sprinkler / Wet Riser. Consult QP early.

  12. Examples

  13. Sprinkler Tank • Tank = Refer Table 16 for OH. • For HH full hydraulic cal, flow base on most favourable area x time of storage • Consider gravity tank for high rise, flow & pressure determined by hydraulic calculations • Water source – FSSD / PUB requirements

  14. Sprinkler Pumps • Pumps – design point should fall within pump curve with additional margin • Pump motor – 20% more for non-overloading • Appropriate listing • Positive suction

  15. Plant Room/Services Space Allocation • Sprinkler tank • Low level • Less RL 125.000 (water inlet) • Reinforced Concrete, save space • U/g not preferred, hard to detect leak, got to use vert. turbine pumps • Overflow pipe preferably terminate to external drain than within room sump. • Sprinkler pump room • Next to tank, same level or lower than tank • Flooding risk

  16. Plant Room/Services Space Allocation • Control valve (Clause 9.1.2) • Adjacent or near 1st sty FCC or fire fighting lobby • Or in protected area accessible from common area • Pre-consult FSSD • Breeching Inlet (Clause 5.4.3) • Near to control valve, must be at ground level, within 18m from fire engine access way, need to earth (architect to indicate).

  17. Sprinkler Exemption • Room exempted from sprinkler protection • Protected Staircase (require only cut-off sprinkler) • LV switchroom, HV switchroom, transformer room(oil type), electric lift motor room, elect room, emergency lighting battery room, MDF room, PABX room • Provided the above are fire compartmented • Refer to Fire Code table 6.4A & CP52 Clause 4.2.5. • Not required above indoor swimming pool • Coldroom < 30m2, no flammable storage

  18. Note on Special Room / Protection • Computer room, may consider, pre-action system or gas suppression • Fuel storage – foam system • Lift pit & shaft, escalator pit, services shaft, Generator room

  19. Fire Suppression System

  20. Fire Suppression System

  21. Concealed Sprinkler Required? • Needed when ceiling depth more than 400mm • 800mm for office only, ceiling contain no combustible material, services not combustible • Raised floor.

  22. more than 500mm, ignore partition eg. toilet cubicle, office low partition Partition Consideration • Pg. 49, clause 6.4.8

  23. Perforated Ceiling Clause 6.7.3 c) • Opening area (incl. services such as light fixture) >60%, ignore ceiling but provide sprinkler buffer plate sprinkler buffer baffle buffer

  24. 0 adj. sprinkler >600mm within 2m 0 sprinkler Sprinkler Layout • Area coverage per sprinkler = 12 m2 • Max. dist apart = 4.2 m • Min. dist apart = 2.1 m(prevent wetting adj. unactivated sprinkler) • Max. dist from wall/partition = 2.1 mMin. dist from wall/partition = 100mm (NFPA 13) • Sprinkler closer than 600mm to column, place another sprinkler on the app. side within 2.1m from column • Sprinkler under duct • For circular duct more than 1000mm • For rectangular duct more than 800mm

  25. Sprinkler Layout • Cut off sprinkler • In Staircase • Locate just above door • Don’t block • Dist. from beampg. 69, table 8pg. 149 & 150, fig. 16 (a),(b) & (c) EXIT

  26. Sprinkler Layout • Pipe routing neat, free space for other services, more bends pendent “candle” type, untidy, occupy ceiling space, relatively easier to design

  27. distribution >300mm range 2 end side 3 end side Pipe Sizing • Defintion • Range pipe definition, pg. 14 clause 2.3 • Distribution pipe definition, pg. 12 clause 2.11 • Range pipe sizing, pg. 109, table 18a • Distribution pipe sizing, pg. 109, table 18b If dropper longer than 300mm, size all pipe as distribution pipe Usage of flexible pipe

  28. Pipe Sizing • Pipe size betw design point to cv • <150kpa pressure loss • Each turn equivalent to 3m of straight pipe • Design point 18/16 point awayeg. Pg. 138, Figure 3 • Static height adv. refer to pg. 111 clause 11.4.2.3

  29. height adv. (x) Pipe Sizing CV

  30. Other Pipes Size Pump Suction Pipe • Pump suction pipe = 150 - OH GP 1 & 2 = 200 - OH GP 3 CV Drain Pipe • Min. 50mm (clause 11.5), calculate size based on testing flowrate (OH 3 = 1350 L/Min) and available pump head.

  31. Automatic Fire Alarm System • Conventional vs Addressable Fire Alarm System • Manual & Automatic Fire Alarm System • Ref. Fire Code: Table 6.3A for provision of fire alarms to building

  32. Automatic Fire Alarm- Conventional System

  33. Automatic Fire Alarm- Typical Schematic of an Addressable System

  34. Rising Mains and Hosereel System • Statutory requirements • Max flowrate for Non-residential bldg is 190l/s and 130l/s for residential bldg. 45 mins storage. • Max zone height 120m. Landing valve outlet max 8 bar. • The landing valve & hosereel positioning is by Architect. • Multi-outlet pumps – Consult QP early

  35. Multi-stage Wet Riser Pump

  36. Reflections Condominium

  37. Reflections Condominium

  38. Wet Riser Pump Selection

  39. Fire Hydrant • Direct supply – RL 125m and below • Min 150mm dia and must meet pressure and flow requirements • Pump / tank system – comply to SS 575 (CP 29) wet rising mains requirement and Fire Code Table 4.4.2 • Running pressure > = 0.9 x running pressure of nearest hydrant – pressure drop across the bulk water meter

  40. Fire Hydrant • Flow Rate > = 0.9 x water flow of the nearest public hydrant or > = total flow demand shown in Table 4.4.2 • Hydrant mains running in building – fire rated.

  41. The following are attached for your guide: • Checklist for Fire Protection System for RI inspection • QMS Checklist – Concept Design, 50% and 100% (download from Beca’s QMS website).

  42. Thank you

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