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Political Organization of Space

Political Organization of Space. An Introduction. Political Concepts in Space. Territoriality Attempt by individual or group to control people, phenomena, and relationships by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area. Political Concepts in Space. Sovereignty

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Political Organization of Space

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  1. Political Organization of Space An Introduction

  2. Political Concepts in Space • Territoriality • Attempt by individual or group to control people, phenomena, and relationships by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area

  3. Political Concepts in Space • Sovereignty • having the “last say” (control) over a territory – politically or militarily • Territorial integrity • Ability of a government to control its territory

  4. Critical Thinking: List Examples of… State Nation Nation-State Multinational State Multi-state Nation

  5. Birth of the Modern State • Peace of Westphalia (1648) • Treaty that ended “Thirty Years’ War” • Clearly defined borders, recognition of statehood, guarantees of security • Territory over people

  6. Nation, State, Nation-State • We often use nation, state and country interchangeably, but there are distinctions: • Nation • Culturally defined group of people with shared past

  7. Nation, State, Nation-State • State • A politically organized territory with • A permanent population • A defined territory • A government

  8. Nation, State, Nation-State • Nation-State • A politically organized area where nation and state occupy the same space • European Model

  9. Diffusion of Nation-State • European colonialism • Colonialism • Rule by an autonomous power of a subordinate power • Often creates unequal cultural and economic relations • Two waves • 16th Century – Americas • 19th Century – Africa/Asia

  10. Diffusion of Nation-State • Colonial administration • Europeans replicate political organization of home country • Administrative regions survive as independent states today • Often, colonial borders have little to do with ethnicity or national identity

  11. Democracy • People, rather than monarchy or colonizer, are ultimate sovereign • Nation is associated with state

  12. Types of States • Multinational State • More than one nation in its borders

  13. Multistate Nation • When a nation’s boundaries cross two or more states

  14. Stateless Nation • A people (nation) without a state of their own

  15. Enclave • A nation or state completely surrounded by another state • Lesotho in South Africa • Any enclaves in the United States?

  16. Enclaves in America

  17. Exclave • Part of a nation or state that is not connected to the rest of the state • Kaliningrad, Russia • Are there any US exclaves?

  18. American Exclaves

  19. Capitalism • Dominant economic system • Market for goods and services determines allocation • Commodification • Placing monetary value on all things

  20. Capitalist World System • Immanuel Wallerstein (1987) • In a capitalist world you will have three tiers of states: • Core • Greater wealth; high technology • Periphery • Poor; low technology • Semi-periphery • Mix

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