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The formal commands are the subjunctive:

The formal commands are the subjunctive:. Start with the yo form of the present indicative. Then drop the -o ending. Finally, add the following endings: -ar verbs: -e (for Ud.), -en (for Uds.) Deme un ejemplo! -er and -ir verbs: -a (for Ud.), -an (for Uds.) . Mandatos!.

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The formal commands are the subjunctive:

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  1. The formal commands are the subjunctive: Start with the yo form of the present indicative. Then drop the -o ending. Finally, add the following endings:-ar verbs:-e (for Ud.), -en (for Uds.)Deme un ejemplo!-er and -ir verbs:-a (for Ud.), -an (for Uds.)

  2. Mandatos! • Affirmative: (to command in Tu form) just Use the present indicative Ud. formDemen un ejemplo con Read Hablame! • Negative: Use the present subjunctive tú form

  3. TuInformal, or familiarvs. Ud.polite or to express respect • Remember that Spanish has both a formal and an informal style of speech (tú/Ud.). • Compre Ud. el anillo.Buy the ring. (formal)Compra (tú) los dulces.Buy the candy. (familiar)

  4. Negativos • ARHablar • Take the Yo from of the verb • Drop o, • add these endings: • es (tu) e (ud.) emos (nosotros) en (ustedes) • No hables (Tu) and in no hable, no hablen, • ER/IR: Comer as (tu) a (ud.), amos (nos.), an (uds.) no…(tu)…..

  5. In grupo de 3! • A: tells b y c what to do • Study more, To go to the conversation lab more, to speak more Spanish outside classroom • B tells a y c no to do • Spend lost money, not speak english on the classroom • C tells b y a what to do: tell the truth, to help other, to do your homework.

  6. TO DO To come here To leave now To be patient To carry his/her bag To share her/his food NOT TO Not tell layers Not talk about other’s people backs Not complain Not be negative Not critique other’s people likes Tell your partner to do the things on and not do

  7. With all affirmative commands, the object pronouns are attached directly to the end of the imperative form of the verb. Compre Ud. el anillo.Buy the ring.Cómprelo Ud.Buy it. Bring the letters (traer) Bring them (en Ud.) Using Object Pronouns with Commands

  8. Indirect First direct • the indirect object pronoun comes first • Cómprelo Ud.Buy it.Cómpremelo Ud.Buy it for me. How you say buy it for them, for us?

  9. Negative Indirect comes first direct No melo compre!Don't buy it for me. • No selas traiga.Don't bring them to her.

  10. Negative commands • Object pronouns comes First than the verb. • No compre Ud. el anillo.Don't buy the ring.No lo compre.Don't buy it. • No traiga Ud. las cartas.Don't bring the letters.No las traiga.Don't bring them.

  11. Pronoun placement with commands Affirmative commands: attach to verb Tráigaselas Negative commands: precede verb No selas traiga

  12. Practiquemos Mas!! http://studyspanish.com/practice

  13. ¿Adónde?¿Dónde?¿De dónde?¿Cómo?¿Cuál (-es)?¿Cuándo?¿Cuánto (-a)?¿Cuántos (-as)? ¿Qué?¿De qué?¿Quién (-es)?¿A quién (-es)?¿Con quién (-es)?¿De quién (-es)?¿Por qué?¿Para qué? Formas Interrogativas

  14. Subject comes after the verb • ¿Qué estudia Pilar?What does Pilar study?¿Cuándo comen ustedes?When do you-all eat?¿Dónde está mi coche?Where is my car?¿Cuánto cuesta la corbata?How much does the tie cost?

  15. ¿Dónde? Vs. ¿Adónde? • ¿Dónde? means "Where?" ¿Adónde? means "To where?" Thus, dónde asks for a location, while adónde asks for a destination. • ¿Dónde está la biblioteca?Where is the library?¿Adónde va Raúl?Where is Raul going?(Literally: To where goes Raul?)

  16. ¿De dónde? &¿Cómo? • ¿De dónde? means "From where?" • ¿De dónde es Gerardo?Where is Gerardo from? • ¿Cómo? means "How?" • ¿Cómo está usted?How are you? Piensa en otros ejemplos!

  17. ¿Cuál? • ¿Cuál? and ¿Cuáles? mean "What?" or "Which?" Translate these sentences: • ¿Cuál es tu nombre? • ¿Cuáles son tus libros favoritos? • ¿Cuándo? means "When?“ • ¿Cuándo van a ir ustedes al baile?

  18. Cuanto/s/a/s? • ¿Cuánto(-a)? means "How much?" • ¿Cuánto dinero gana Eduardo?How much money does Eduardo earn? • ¿Cuántos(-as)? means "How many?" • ¿Cuántas chicas hay en la clase?How many girls are there in the class?

  19. ¿Cuál es la capital de España?What is the capital of Spain? ¿Qué es la libertad?What is liberty? ¿Qué es la capital?What is the (definition of) capital? ¿Qué vs. Cuál?When used with the verb ser, cuál and qué can both mean "what," but they are not interchangeable. Cuál is more common, and is used to indicate a selection, or choice of possibilities. Qué is used to elicit a definition or an explanation.

  20. ¿Para qué? means "Why? (for what purpose)" ¿Para qué estudias español?For what purpose do you study Spanish?Possible answer:Para ser profesor de español.In order to become a Spanish teacher. ¿Por qué? means "Why? (for what reason)" ¿Por qué estudias español?For what reason do you study Spanish?Possible answer:Porque es un requisito.Because it's required. Para qué vs. Por qué?

  21. De qué? means "About what?" or "Of what?" ¿De qué material es la pluma?What is the pen made of?Literally: Of what material is the pen?¿De qué hablan ustedes?What are you-all talking about?Literally: Of what do you-all speak? ¿Quién(-es)? means "Who?" ¿Quién es Gregorio?Who is Gregorio?¿Quiénes son esos chicos?Who are those boys? ¿A quién(-es)? means "Whom?" ¿A quién buscas?For whom are you looking?¿A quiénes vas a dar tantos libros?To whom are you going to give so many books?

  22. ¿De quién(-es)? means "Whose?" ¿De quién es aquel sombrero?Whose hat is that?¿De quiénes son estas monedas?Whose coins are these? ¿Con quién(-es)? means "With whom?" ¿Con quién hablo?With whom am I speaking?¿Con quiénes estudia Mario?With whom does Mario study? Con quién & De quién?

  23. Practiquemos!!! • http://studyspanish.com/practice/quest.htm

  24. Reflexivos con indirectos • Ran out on us, quit on me • Se hace tarde (it’s etting late) • Seme hace tarde (it’s getting late on me) • Seme, sete, sele, senos, seos, seles.. • Which comes first?

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