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The Educational Role of the Library in a Digital Environment Part II: Design for Learning.

The Educational Role of the Library in a Digital Environment Part II: Design for Learning. Michael Buckland NORSLIS Visiting Professor Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative and School of Information, University of California, Berkeley SALT, Uppsala, October 2, 2008.

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The Educational Role of the Library in a Digital Environment Part II: Design for Learning.

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  1. The Educational Role of the Library in a Digital Environment Part II: Design for Learning. Michael Buckland NORSLIS Visiting Professor Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative and School of Information, University of California, Berkeley SALT, Uppsala, October 2, 2008 SALT2, Uppsala

  2. Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Künste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970. WHO? Click a name to search for an internet resource. SALT2, Uppsala

  3. Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Künste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970. WHERE? SALT2, Uppsala

  4. Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Künste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970. WHAT? SALT2, Uppsala

  5. Building the functionality of a reference collection. 1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works. 2. Context builder: Make, retain notes and links to reference works. 3. Context provider: Make reference works better by adding two-way links, e.g. text has links to place name list AND place name list has links to texts. SALT2, Uppsala

  6. In a paper environment, reading inside a library is the best place to learn. It is well designed to explain the context! How do we move this situation into an internet environment? Library resources Encyclopedias Atlases, place name Biographical dictionaries Bibliographies Library catalog Statistical series etc., etc. . . . . Text with a interesting details. Who was she? Where is that? What is this? What else was happening? Reader SALT2, Uppsala

  7. Initial sketch for “Context Finding / Building” interface. Save search path Save link & notes as “stand-off” markup. Save link & notes as embedded mark-up. Insert / block text Ranked lists of suggested resources for each facet chosen Define facet Display of search result SALT2, Uppsala

  8. Building the functionality of a reference collection. 1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works. 2. Context builder: Make, retain notes and links to reference works. 3. Context provider: Make reference works better by adding two-way links, e.g. text has links to place name list AND place name list has links to texts. SALT2, Uppsala

  9. Scanned text Named Entities SALT2, Uppsala

  10. Cursor over a name highlights every mention of that name in the text. SALT2, Uppsala

  11. Named entities are linked to specific resources or dynamic searches over relevant databases. SALT2, Uppsala

  12. Building the functionality of a reference collection. 1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works. 2. Context builder: Make, retain notes and links to reference works. 3. Context provider: Make reference works better by adding two-way links, e.g. text has links to place name list AND place name list has links to texts. SALT2, Uppsala

  13. Named entities not detected automatically can be added manually. SALT2, Uppsala

  14. Initially, named entities are linked to keyword searches at the appropriate name authorities and metadata services. Here we see a number of possible candidates for “Henry V”. SALT2, Uppsala

  15. Now that it has been disambiguated, the named entity links directly to the appropriate record. SALT2, Uppsala

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  19. Building the functionality of a reference collection. 1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works. 2. Context builder: Making, retaining notes / links to reference works. 3. Context provider: Enriching reference works by adding reverse links, e.g. place name gazetteer mentions where a place is mentioned in texts. SALT2, Uppsala

  20. Edmund Hogan’s Onomasticon Goedelicum : Locorum et Tribuum Hiberniae et Scotiae = An Index, with Identifications, to the Gaelic Names of Places and Tribes If searchable online, one could, when reading an Irish studies text: 1. Search it (Context finder) 2. Markup text with links to it (Context builder); 3. Markup Hogan with reverse links to the Irish studies text (Context provider) – with rich consequences. SALT2, Uppsala

  21. Comment: Facet genres include other facets Library subject headings Topic – Geographic subdivision – Chronological subdivision Place name gazetteer Place name – Type – Spatial markers (Lat & long) – When Time Period Directory Period name – Type – Time markers (Calendar) – Where Biographical Dictionary Person – Activity type – Time – Where – Who else SALT2, Uppsala

  22. Facet genres with facets realigned. What Where When Who WHAT (LCSH) X X X X WHERE (Place name list) X X X - WHEN (Time period dir.) X X X - WHO (Biographical dict.) X X X X From LCSH “Lighthouses” to NGA Place name list Geographic Description Code “Lthse” (Lighthouse). Place name list give locations of examples. Catalog gives literature about light houses. Vertical mappings extend semantic links to new vocabularies. Horizontal links provide additional context. SALT2, Uppsala

  23. Importance of inverting the relationship between the part and the whole: -- Indexes are created by inversion -- Union indexes: Tell you which reference work mentions your query, like the Science Citation Index. . . as in Google. Use dynamic links to the latest version of the best resources; and, for vocabulary: Search term recommender systems SALT2, Uppsala

  24. Paper-based reference collection: Codex determines structure and use. Reference Genre Vocabulary Displays Facet Encyclopedia Topics Cross-references WHAT Atlas, place list Places Maps WHERE Chronology Time Timelines WHEN Biogr. Dictionary Persons RelationshipsWHO Search interest Reversed in a digital environment: Metadata forms infrastructure. Facet Vocabulary Displays Reference Genre WHAT Topics Cross-references Encyclopedia WHERE Places Maps Atlas, place list WHEN Periods Timeline Chronology WHO Persons Relationships Biogr.dictionary Search interest Better, build a union index, so you know where too look! http://metadata.berkeley.edu/demos/ SALT2, Uppsala

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