C h. 18-19: Oceans

1. Ch. 18-19: Oceans

2. #1 Which type of ocean pollution is caused by agriculture, deforestation & construction? • a. solid-waste pollution • c. sediment pollution • b. sewage pollution

3. #2 At a mid-ocean ridge, what is the next step after the ocean plates separate? • a. Hot magma seeps through the cracks • c. a trench forms • b. water cools the lava

4. Oil, natural gas, sand, metals, and diamonds are mined from deposits found in ___________. #3 • a. Continental shelves • c. Ocean trenches • b. Deep water deposits

5. Algal blooms are caused by ____________. #4 • a. sewage • c. silt • b. Oil spills

6. The mid-ocean ridge is an underwater mountain range that forms from ________. #5 • a. a transform boundary • c. seafloor spreading • b. subduction zone

7. A _________ forms when one oceanic crust plate sinks beneath another at a subduction zone. #6 • a. seamount • c. rift valleys • b. mid-ocean ridge

8. Sediment settles constantly on the ocean floor and these deposits fill in valleys and create flat seafloor areas called ___________. #7 • a. continental slopes • C. abyssal plains • b. submarine canyons

9. The largest source of oil pollution in the ocean is ________. #8 • a. Runoff from land • c. Shipping • b. Offshore drilling

10. Most ocean pollution comes from ____________. #9 • a. fish • c. ships • b. land

11. Which type of ocean pollution acts like a fertilizer and causes algae to outgrow and eventually kill coral? #10 • a. oil pollution • c. chemical pollution • b. sewage

12. The place where new ocean floor forms is called a(n) ___________. #11 • a. abyssal plain • c. trench • b. mid-ocean ridge

13. Which type of ocean pollution includes the carrying of herbicides, insecticides & industrial waste by streams into the oceans? #12 • a. chemical pollution • c. sewage • b. oil pollution

14. A relatively flat but gradually sloping end of a continent that extends under the ocean #13 • a. Abyssal plain • c. Continental shelf • b. Continental slope • d. Seamount

15. The deepest place in the Pacific Ocean #14 • a. Abyssal plain • c. Continental shelf • b. Mariana Trench • d. mid-ocean ridge

16. The area in an ocean basin where new ocean floor is formed #15 • a. Abyssal plain • c.seamount • b. ocean trench • d. mid-ocean ridge

17. Flat seafloor areas #16 • a. Abyssal plain • c.seamount • b. ocean trench • d. mid-ocean ridge

18. A long, narrow, steep-sided depression where one plate sinks beneath another #17 • a. Abyssal plain • c.seamount • b. ocean trench • d. mid-ocean ridge

19. Underwater, inactive volcano peaks #18 • a. Abyssal plain • c.seamount • b. ocean trench • d. mid-ocean ridge

20. The steep area that extends from the outer edge of the continental shelf down to the ocean floor #19 • a. Abyssal plain • c.continental plain • b. continental cliff • d. continental slope

21. #20 In the picture, the right angle position of the Earth, Moon, and Sun result in __________. • a. a spring tide • c. no tides • b. a neap tide • d. high tides everywhere

22. #21 Which of the following is NOT a method of desalinating ocean water? • a. Filtering through a membrane • c. Using a solar powered plant • b. Freezing ocean water • d. Melting glaciers

23. #22 Tides are affected by the positions of __________. • a. Earth, Sun, and Mars • c. Earth and Moon only • b. Venus, Earth, and Mars • d. Earth, Moon, and Sun

24. #23 In the picture, the positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned. This creates _________. • a. a spring tide • c. no tides • b. a neap tide • d. high tides everywhere

25. #24 In which direction does the Coriolis Effect cause currents in the northern hemisphere to turn? • a. clockwise • c. north • b. counterclockwise • d. south

26. What is the direction of ocean currents in the southern hemisphere? #25 • a. clockwise • c. north • b. counterclockwise • d. south

27. Which of the following is a reasonable conclusion based on the information in the picture? #26 • a. The Pacific Ocean is deep • c. The oceans’ waters are constantly in motion • b. The oceans’ currents only flow in one direction • d. The North Equatorial current flows east to west

28. Deep down in the cold ocean depths, currents circulate because of __________. #27 • a. density differences • c. polar ice caps melting • b. wind blowing • d. geography

29. Most waves form because of ___________. #28 • a. the Coriolis Effect • c. the salinity of ocean water • b. winds blowing across the water’s surface transfer their energy to the water • d. noneof the above.

30. #29 Which of the following could increase the ocean’s salinity? • a. Decrease precipitation and little warmth • c. More water evaporating leaving the salt behind • b. More water entering the oceans • d. Polar ice caps melting

31. #30 The Gulf Stream starts near the __________ and carries _________ water up the east coast of the United States. • a. north pole, cold • c. equator, warm • b. north pole, warm • d. equator, cold

32. #31 Which statement provides the best description of why a wave breaks? • a. The top of the wave moves faster than the bottom • c. The bottom of the wave moves faster than the top • d. The top of the wave has a greater concentration of salt than the bottom • b. The wind pushes the top of the wave over

33. #32 ________ is measured by the distance between a crest and a crest or a trough and a trough. • a. amplitude • c. wave height • b. frequency • d. wavelength

34. #33 What causes most surface currents to start moving? • a. The Gulf Stream • c. wind • b. density differences • d. salinity

35. #34 A wave is a rhythmic movement that carries ______ through matter or space. • a. energy • c. heat • b. water particles • d. salt

36. #35 Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of dissolved salts in seawater? • a. density • c. buoyancy • d. temperature • b. salinity