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Partnerships between mental health organizations and ‘psychiatrists in blue’: A view from up high and on the ground PSR Canada Conference September 22, 2010 Janet Durbin PhD Diana McDonnell. Today’s Session.
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Partnerships between mental health organizations and ‘psychiatrists in blue’: A view from up high and on the ground PSR Canada Conference September 22, 2010 Janet Durbin PhD Diana McDonnell
Today’s Session • Describe provincial study of police service involvement with persons with mental health concerns, and related practices • Describe collaboration in SE Ontario between mental health organizations and police • Discussion
Impact Study - Context • Significant increase in funding to CMH services 2005-2007 • Increase capacity in community mental health service sector & reduce regional variation • Divert individuals with mental health concerns from more restrictive settings – hospital & corrections • Improve function of systems of care • Suite of studies funded to evaluate impact (Dr. P. Goering)
Impact Study Mandate • Describe Ontario experience on these issues • Three components • Population ED use for mental health – 2003 to 2007 • Crisis program survey – capacity, linkages to support diversion • Police services survey – contacts, diversion practices
Why Police Services Survey • Police increasingly the informal ‘first responders’ of our mental health system • Persons with SMI accounted for 3% of police-citizen contacts, London, ON (Crocker, 2009) • Mental health a contributing factor in 31% of police-attended calls – Vancouver (Wilson-Bates, 2008) • Best practices emerging • Ontario - practice uptake, little data available for understanding Ontario experience • No central database for monitoring police contacts with persons with MH concerns
Police services survey • What is the volume of police-citizen encounters that involve mental illness, and has it changed over the study period? (‘burden’)? • What is extent of practice implementation to manage police-citizen encounters, and change over the study period? • Do burden and practice implementation differ between forces serving larger and smaller population areas?
Police services survey process • Survey development • Literature review • Feedback from mental health/police service stakeholders • Data collection • October 2008 – February 2009 • Web-based survey • Municipal police forces - 2 stage via chief, appointed individual • OPP - central response via research and policy section
Police servicessurvey responses *no First Nations
Police Services Survey Section 1 - Indicator data • Report service contacts • that involve EDPs • that involve suicide • that involve MHAs • Annual volumes from 2003 to 2007 (5 years)
Police service survey 2008: Number of municipal forces able to report data Total forces in sample=37
Volumes - Police contacts with persons with mental illness 2007
Rates of police-citizen contacts 2003-2007 *Municipal forces n=25
Police-citizen contacts for large area (n=14) and small area (n=23) services *Municipal forces n=25
Police services practices to support diversion – on-site response
Police services practices to support diversion – agreements for post contact transfer of care
Police services survey results • Many services have practices in place to support diversion • Current # services providing diversion practices doubled since 2005 • Perception increased collaboration and support from MH services • However: • Large area forces more active than small area forces • Actual use of some practices low – potential reasons?? • Police-citizen contacts for mental health concerns are substantial and increased over the study period • Lack data for ongoing monitoring and improvement
Limitations • Administrative data – quality, variation in recognition and reporting • Aggregate not encounter – cannot link practice with management/outcome • Lack outcome data • Generalizability of perceptions/estimates – small sample (n=37)
Impact Study Team • Core team • J.Durbin, E. Lin, N. Zaslavska • Advisory • T. Aubry, B. Kirsh, L. George, M. Quigley, J. Zosky, P. Reaume-Zimmer, J. Mills, D. Doherty, M. Fata • Results • Special issue of Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
THANK YOU! Janet_Durbin@CAMH.net Elizabeth_Lin@CAMH.net Natalia_Zaslavska@CAMH.net www.ehealthontario.ca