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Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Review by Eric Stice

Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Review by Eric Stice. Presented by Catherine Perkins Radford University. Purpose. To determine which risk factors for eating pathology have or have not received empirical support.

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Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Review by Eric Stice

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  1. Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Reviewby Eric Stice Presented by Catherine Perkins Radford University

  2. Purpose • To determine which risk factors for eating pathology have or have not received empirical support. • What is the predictive power of individual risk factors? • Are certain factors more likely to predict vs. maintain eating pathology? • What are the limitations of research regarding eating pathology?

  3. Literature Review • Methods • Electronic Sources • PsychINFO (1980-2001) • MedLine (1980-2001) • Tables of Contents for the Following Journals • International Journal of Eating Disorders • Journal of Abnormal Psychology • Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology • Article Bibliographies • Studies • 136 were found • 25 were excluded

  4. Issues to Consider • Articles found focused on bulimic symptoms, binge eating, or eating disorder composites • Bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorders are characterized by different patterns and symptoms • Conclusions should be generalized with care to anorexic symptoms

  5. Studies to Include • Focused on potential risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology • Used only prospective and experimental studies • Did not use cross-sectional data or retrospective studies • Studies that did not include initial levels of eating pathology were not used • Focused on methodologically rigorous studies

  6. Dependent Measures • Body Mass • Socio-cultural Pressure to be Thin • Modeling by Family and Peers • Thin-Ideal Internalization • Body Dissatisfaction • Dieting • Negative Affect • Perfectionism • Early Menarche • Impulsivity • Non-Established Risk Factors

  7. Potential Moderators • Type of Eating Disorder • Age of the Individual • Possible Substance Abuse • Individual risk and maintenance factors combine to form many different patterns in regard to eating pathology • Other unknown risk factors

  8. Results (Effect Size r over N/K)* Significant

  9. Results (Effect Size r over N/K)*Significant

  10. Meta-Analysis Conclusions • Almost all factors contributed in some way to eating pathology, but the individual effect sizes were generally small. • There may be other risk factors for eating pathology that have yet to be discovered (biological factors) • Risk factors differ for specific eating disorders • Supports the cumulative stressor model • Perfectionism x Body Dissatisfaction x Low Self-Esteem • Predictive power of individual risk and maintenance factors is low

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