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???. Conorhynchos conirostris (Valenciennes, 1840). The Conorhynchos conundrum: investigating the phylogenetic position of an enigmatic neotropical catfish (Siluriformes, incertae sedis). Flávio A. Bockmann. Mário C. C. de Pinna. John G. Lundberg. Carl J. Ferraris Jr.
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??? Conorhynchos conirostris (Valenciennes, 1840)
The Conorhynchos conundrum: investigating the phylogenetic position of an enigmatic neotropical catfish (Siluriformes, incertae sedis). Flávio A. Bockmann Mário C. C. de Pinna John G. Lundberg Carl J. Ferraris Jr. (FAB) Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto, Dept. Biologia, FFCLRP - Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (MCCP) Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Nazaré 481, São Paulo, SP, 04263-000, Brazil (JGL) Department of Ichthyology, Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA (CJF) 2944 NE Couch Street, Portland, OR, 97232, USA
São Francisco River Paraguassu River
Porto Seguro (Buranhaém River) São Francisco River Paraguassu River
Conorhynchos conirostris Autopalatine articulation Pimelodidae: Pimelodus ornatus
Auchenoglanididae: Auchenoglanis occidentalis Claroteidae: Chrysichthys sp. Ariidae: Arius seemanni Pangasiidae: Pangasius sp.
Conorhynchos conirostris 1) Presence of an accessory supraneural.
Auchenipteridae: Pseudauchenipterus nodosus Doradidae: Platydoras sp.
Doradidae: Oxydoras sp. Auchenipteridae: Ageneiosus sp. 1) Presence of an accessory supraneural.
Conorhynchos conirostris 2) Presence of an epioccipital process.
Doradidae: Doras sp. 2) Presence of an epioccipital process.
3) Presence of a single and largeforamen for the exit of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. Conorhynchos conirostris Doradidae: Oxydoras sp.
Conorhynchos conirostris Doradidae: Oxydoras sp. 4) Presence of the Müllerian ramus.
Conorhynchos conirostris Doradidae: Doras sp. 5) Transformator process of tripus abruptly mesially-oriented.
Conorhynchos conirostris Doradidae: Doras sp. 6) Nuchal plate 3 laterally expanded.
Conorhynchos conirostris 7) Mesocoracoid vestigial or absent.
Autapomorphies for Conorhynchos. 1) Parasphenoid and pterosphenoid largely separated from each other.
Autapomorphies for Conorhynchos. 2) Deep fossa for dilatator operculi muscle.
Autapomorphies for Conorhynchos. 3) Presence of the pharyngobranchial 2.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • National Science Foundation – “All Catfish Species Inventory” Project (NSF DEB 0315963 ). • CNPq; • FAPESP; • Aléssio Datovo and Alexandre C. Ribeiro for helping with the images.