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Ethnography and Phenomenology . . . and a little Ethnomethodology Dangerous Minds Mission

Ethnography and Phenomenology . . . and a little Ethnomethodology Dangerous Minds Mission. Phenomenological Approaches to Research. “Research is a caring act” van Manen, 1999, p. 5.

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Ethnography and Phenomenology . . . and a little Ethnomethodology Dangerous Minds Mission

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  1. Ethnography and Phenomenology . . . and a little Ethnomethodology Dangerous Minds Mission

  2. Phenomenological Approaches to Research “Research is a caring act” van Manen, 1999, p. 5

  3. Phenomenology is the study of the meaning of an experience. It seeks to gain an understanding of everyday experiences (van Manen, 1990)

  4. Phenomenological research asks the question: “What is it like to have a certain experience?” • What is it like to be a mother in prison? • What is the experience of a beginning teacher? • What is the experience of being diagnosed with breast cancer? • What is the experience of homelessness? • What is it like to grow up in poverty?

  5. Epistemologically phenomenology rejects the natural sciences as an appropriate foundation for human science inquiry • The approach is based on personal perspective and interpretation

  6. Strengths of Phenomenology • Rich, first person accounts in conversation and interviews • Data is gathered in multiple ways • Cuts through the clutter of taken-for-granted assumptions • Researcher is personally involved, interested • Holistic, caring methodology • Writing of stories creates rich text to recreate “lived experience”

  7. Challenges of Phenomenology • Ethical issues due to the close relationship of participants and researcher • Enormous amount of data, messy to organize and interpret • Responsibility to accurately reflect “the truth” • Researcher must be mature, good listener, excellent writer • Can be difficult to gain trust of participants. • Can be uncomfortable if research exposes or challenges the status quo • Can be robust in reporting individual cases, but must be tentative when suggesting their extent to a general population

  8. Criteria to Ensure Quality Research • Does not use the terms validity or reliability, rather it focuses on rigor, authenticity and believeablity • Create texts that are authentic, credible, true to the voices of the participants • Use “direct quotes” from the participants to enhance authenticity and anecdotes • Have participants comment on what is heard in interviews and read early drafts • Write, write, write and rewrite. One needs to craft a document that reflects the “lived experience” of what was observed

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