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American Government

This chapter introduces the fundamental concepts of government and the state, exploring their definitions, origins, and purposes. Topics include forms of government, basic concepts of democracy, and the relationship between the legislative and executive branches.

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American Government

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  1. American Government C H A P T E R 1Principles of Government

  2. Bell Ringer: CNN Student News *Open up Chrome – search for “CNN Student News” – play video

  3. C H A P T E R 1Questions we will consider today? What is Government? Where did it come from? Why do we have it? 1 2 3 Chapter 1

  4. Quick Write: 8/25/2016What is the difference between Government and Politics?*Pass out the “Difference Between Government and Politics” handout – read as a class

  5. American GovernmentPre-Test (20-25 minutes) Sub Directions: • Hand out the Government Pre-Test • After all students are finished – discuss the answers as a class

  6. SHORT BREAK Students may take a 5 minute break

  7. Unit Introduction Sheet Types, Theories and forms of government *Pass out to the students – read “objectives” section

  8. C H A P T E R 1Principles of Government SECTION 1Government and the State SECTION 2Forms of Government SECTION 3Basic Concepts of Democracy *Anything on the following slides written in color – you will need to write the term and definition 1 2 3 Chapter 1

  9. S E C T I O N 1: LEARNING OBJECTIVESGovernment and the State • How is government defined? • What are the basic powers that every government holds? • What are the four defining characteristics of the state? • How have we attempted to explain the origin of the state? • What is the purpose of government in the United States and other countries? 2 3 Chapter 1, Section 1

  10. What Is Government? Government is the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. 2 3 Chapter 1 Section 1

  11. The State The state can be defined as having these four characteristics: 2 3 Chapter 1, Section 1

  12. Origins of the State The Force Theory • The force theory states that one person or a small group took control of an area and forced all within it to submit to that person’s or group’s rule. The Evolutionary Theory • The evolutionary theory argues that the state evolved naturally out of the early family. The Divine Right Theory • The theory of divine right holds that God created the state and that God gives those of royal birth a “divine right” to rule. The Social Contract Theory • The social contract theory argues that the state arose out of a voluntary act of free people. 2 3 Chapter 1, Section 1

  13. The Purpose of Government The main purposes of government are described in the Preamble of the Constitution of the United States: “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” 2 3 Chapter 1, Section 1

  14. Section 1 Review 1.A government is • (a) the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. • (b) a collection of people. • (c) always democratic. • (d) the organization representing farms and industries. 2. A state has the following four characteristics: • (a) population, territory, sovereignty, and government. • (b) sovereignty, a perfect union, welfare, and territory. • (c) people, places, force, and divine right. • (d) justice, defense, liberty, and domestic tranquility. Want to connect to the Magruder’s link for this chapter? Click Here! 2 3 Chapter 1, Section 1

  15. Introduction: Crash Course U.S. Government and Politics*Students will answer the questions on the Handout as they watch the videoFilmLink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrk4oY7UxpQ&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOfse2ncvffeelTrqvhrz8H

  16. Start Section 2 next class

  17. Day 2 (Monday) Functions and Forms of Government

  18. Bell Ringer: CNN Student News *Open up Chrome – search for “CNN Student News” – play video

  19. S E C T I O N 2Forms of Government • Today we will discuss: • How can we classify governments? • How are systems of government defined in terms of who can participate? • How is power distributed within a state? • How are governments defined by the relationship between the legislative and executive branches? 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  20. Classifying Governments*Do not write this slide down, just listen Governments can be classified by three different standards: (1) Who can participate in the governing process. (2) The geographic distribution of the governmental power within the state. (3) The relationship between the legislative (law-making) and the executive (law-executing) branches of the government. 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  21. Write down the next 2 slides

  22. Classification by Who Can Participate*make a t-chart Democracy • In a democracy, supreme political authority rests with the people. • A direct democracy exists where the will of the people is translated into law directly by the people themselves. • In an indirect democracy, a small group of persons, chosen by the people to act as their representatives, expresses the popular will. Ex: USA! USA! USA! Dictatorship • A dictatorship exists where those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. • An autocracyis a government in which a single person holds unlimited political power. • An oligarchy is a government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite. 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  23. Classification by Geographic Distribution of Power • Confederate Government • A confederation is an alliance of independent states. Unitary Government A unitary government has all powers held by a single, central agency. Federal Government A federal government is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments. An authority superior to both the central and local governments makes this division of power on a geographic basis. Ex: USA! USA! USA! 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  24. Section 2 Review 1. In a democracy, • (a) independent states form an alliance. • (b) supreme political authority rests with the people. • (c) those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. • (d) the rule by a few, select individuals regulates the will of the people. 2. The United States government has the following characteristics: • (a) confederate, parliamentary, and dictatorship. • (b) unitary, presidential, and democracy. • (c) federal, presidential, and democracy. • (d) unitary, parliamentary, and dictatorship. Want to connect to the Magruder’s link for this section? Click Here! 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  25. iCivics LessonWhy Government? • Teacher: Pass out the “Why Government” packet • Student Directions: • We will read as a class – volunteers or chosen • Draw in each box – FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS • Color your drawings • Cut out and match each of the cards – FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS • Students will hold onto until Wednesday • Video Clip: Thomas Hobbes and John Locke *click title above

  26. Start Section 3 next class

  27. Day 3 (Wednesday) Functions and Forms of Government

  28. Classification by the Relationship Between Legislative and Executive Branches 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  29. Forms of Government 1 3 Chapter 1, Section 2

  30. S E C T I O N 3Basic Concepts of Democracy • What are the foundations of democracy? • What are the connections between democracy and the free enterprise system? • How has the Internet affected democracy? 1 2 Chapter 1, Section 3

  31. Foundations The American concept of democracy rests on these basic notions: (1) A recognition of the fundamental worth and dignity of every person; (2) A respect for the equality of all persons; (3) A faith in majority rule and an insistence upon minority rights; (4) An acceptance of the necessity of compromise; and (5) An insistence upon the widest possible degree of individual freedom. 1 2 Chapter 1, Section 3

  32. Democracy and theFree Enterprise System • The free enterprise system is an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods; investments that are determined by private decision rather than by state control; and determined in a free market. • Decisions in a free enterprise system are determined bythe law of supply and demand. • An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion is called a mixed economy. 1 2 Chapter 1, Section 3

  33. Democracy and the Internet • Democracy demands that the people be widely informed about their government. • Theoretically, the Internet makes knowledgeable participation in democratic process easier than ever before. • However, all data on the World Wide Web is not necessarily true, and the long-term effects of the Internet on democracy has yet to be determined. 1 2 Chapter 1, Section 3

  34. Section 3 Review 1. All of the following are basic notions found in the American concept of democracy EXCEPT • (a) a recognition of of the fundamental worth and dignity of every person. • (b) a respect for the equality of all persons. • (c) the rule of government by a single individual. • (d) an acceptance of the necessity of compromise. 2. In a free enterprise system, the means of capital are owned • (a) byprivate and corporate entities. • (b) bygovernment agencies. • (c) byonly the agricultural sector. • (d) equally by the collective citizenry. Want to connect to the Magruder’s link for this section? Click Here! 1 2 Chapter 1, Section 3

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