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IT Accessibility: How does it impact you?

IT Accessibility: How does it impact you?. Jay Wyant, CIAO Horizon Room 202 (Harbor Side) Age & Disabilities Odyssey, Duluth, MN , June, 2013. Objectives. Understand the basics of IT accessibility, including documents and websites

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IT Accessibility: How does it impact you?

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  1. IT Accessibility: How does it impact you? Jay Wyant, CIAO Horizon Room 202 (Harbor Side) Age & Disabilities Odyssey, Duluth, MN, June, 2013

  2. Objectives • Understand the basics of IT accessibility, including documents and websites • Articulate how lack of IT accessibility disproportionately affects older individuals and those with disabilities • Create a plan to identify IT barriers and strategies for overcoming them

  3. Who Are You? • Website/application developer • Content creator/writer • Manager/Project manager • Graphic designer • Social services • Administration • Other?

  4. Office of Accessibility • 2009 law • Advisory Committee & work groups • 2011 recommendations to legislature • State Accessibility Standard

  5. Accessibility quote by Tim Berners-Lee “The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect.” -- Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the World Wide Web

  6. Accessibility Quick Quiz • What is Accessibility? • What is Accommodation? • What is Assistive Technology (AT)?

  7. Age & Disability Quick Quiz • What’s the prevalence of hearing loss among Americans 70 and older? 30%

  8. Age & Disability Quick Quiz • What’s the prevalence of vision loss among Americans between 65-74? 16%

  9. Age & Disability Quick Quiz • What’s age group is the source of the fastest growing nursing home population? 31-64

  10. Age & Disability Quick Quiz • What’s the percentage of non-institutionalized adults 65+ with at least one basic actions difficulty or complex activity limitation? 62%

  11. What are some examples of accessibility issues? • Sight • Text • Color • Hearing • Physical/Motor • Cognitive • Use of AT

  12. What technology do your clients use? • Windows computer • Apple Macintosh • iPad tablet • Android tablet • iPhone • Android phone • Windows phone • Basic cell phone (texting?) • Other

  13. Accessibility Laws and Standards • MN Statutes • MN 2009 law (chapter131) • 2013 statutes 363A.42 (Public Records) & 363A.43 (Cont’ Ed) • State Standard • Section 508 • WCAG 2.0 • Federal • ADA (Title II)

  14. Discussion Question • How is usability different than accessibility?

  15. Demo: Screen Reader • Screen readers not same as text-to-speech • Most popular readers: • Freedom Scientific’s JAWS • NVDA • Demo: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6Jjn8DPWkY

  16. Four Case Studies • Document Accessibility • Website Accessibility • Media Accessibility Advance to Summary

  17. Case Study: Document Accessibility • OS • MS Office • PDF/Adobe Acrobat

  18. Document Creation and Workflow • What are your processes? • Role of templates • Who determines what goes online? • Who determines final format?

  19. “Top 5” Tips for Word Documents • Use heading styles • Use Alt Text • Avoid text boxes and tables for layout • Give hyperlinks meaningful names • Don’t rely on color to convey meaning

  20. Sample of Word document styles

  21. Alt Text

  22. Text Boxes & Tables • Text boxes are not accessible • Tables are for data organization only • Use columns feature instead of table to flow text

  23. Meaningful Hyperlinks • Click here for best practices on creating purposeful hyperlinks • Best practices on creating purposeful hyperlinks • Clearly demonstrate what the link will do, such as when going to a form (opens in new tab) • Indicate document type (PDF) (Word)

  24. Example:Color Treatments

  25. Example: Pattern Treatments (Bar)

  26. Example: Pattern Treatments (Pie)

  27. PDF Conversion • Adobe Acrobat 9,X, or XI • Must have Pro or Suite version • Conversion vs. testing • Conversion settings are key • Clean originating doc is best • Word vs. other file formats • Who should do it?

  28. Case Study: Web Sites

  29. Current trends: accessible web development • WAI-ARIA • Responsive design • Iterative testing during development • Testing tools and resources

  30. “Top 5” Tips for Web Sites • Document structure • Navigation • Mouse & keyboard issues • Images and non-text elements • Forms

  31. Document structure • Title tag to convey relationship of page to the site • Meaningful page titles • Heading tags • Tags that convey meaning (paragraph, lists, etc.)

  32. Navigation and links • Consistent navigation (predictable) • Skip to content • Navigating with anchor tags in long bodies of content • Breadcrumb navigation • Meaningful link text that conveys purpose

  33. Mouse and keyboard issues • Test and ensure you can navigate with keyboard only • Do not rely upon mouse clicks • Be cognizant of tedious clicking issues (e.g. menus)

  34. Images and non-text elements • ALT tags for informative images (non-decorative) • Link to descriptions for longer text blocks • Decorative images presented with CSS (not in content) • Contrast ratio between background and text

  35. Forms • Label tags for ALL input points • Correct tab sequence • Access keys for complex, long and laborious forms that are used frequently • Navigable and able to submit with keyboard

  36. Testing and Compliance • Automated vs. Manual • “Bobby Approved” • Resources • WebAIM.org • ACCESS-IT (MN master contracts)

  37. Testing for accessibility • Plugins and extensions • Color and contrast • Analysis and reporting • Captioning and media • Validation tools • Manual testing

  38. List of testing resources on MN.IT website

  39. Transition page • Back to case study list • Advance to summary

  40. Case Study:Media Accessibility

  41. Requirements • Video • Audio description (prerecorded) • Captioning (prerecorded and live) • Audio and video conferencing • Captioning • Speaker description • Accessible user interfaces and controls

  42. Strategies: Video • Purpose • Why a video? • What’s the information? • Planning • Scripting: include descriptions of key visuals • Speaker instructions: describe visual’s message • How will you visually represent the audio? • Execution • Time frame for all processes • Budget

  43. Issues and Tools/Resources • To YouTube or Not? • In-house vs. hiring a pro • Access-IT Master Contract • Live vs. recorded captioning • Live: CART or captioning? • User interface • Caption toggle • Description toggle (or separate video) • Accessible controls • Back to case study list • Advance to summary

  44. MN.IT Office of Accessibility • Outreach/awareness • Policies/procedures • Training • Purchasing • Support services • Tools and resources

  45. Accessibility is Infrastructure • Avoidadd-ons • Culture shock • Reduce long-term costs

  46. Build accessibility into processes • Design & Development • Websites & Applications • Content Creation • Word, PowerPoint and PDF Documents • Video, Webcasts, Podcasts and Multimedia • Systems • Processes • Workflow

  47. Questions?

  48. Thank You! Jay Wyant jay.wyant@state.mn.us

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