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Chapter II Mechanics

Chapter II Mechanics. Streight-line motion, average and instantaneous x-velocity Streight-line motion with constant acceleration Freely falling bodies Projectile motion Uniform Circular motion. A. Streight-line motion, average and instantaneous x-velocity. 1. Average Velocity.

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Chapter II Mechanics

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  1. Chapter IIMechanics • Streight-line motion, average and instantaneous x-velocity • Streight-line motion with constant acceleration • Freely falling bodies • Projectile motion • Uniform Circular motion

  2. A. Streight-line motion, average and instantaneous x-velocity 1. Average Velocity s = distance y r = displacement A t1 s The displacement of a particle is defined as its change in position. r1 r B r2 t2 0 x Magnitude of Average velocity Average Speed

  3. The averagespeed of a particle, a scalar quantity, is defined as the total distance traveled divided by the total time it takes to travel that distance • The average velocity of a particle is defined as the particle’s displacement r divided bythe time interval t during which that displacement occurred

  4. 2. Instantaneous Velocity Instantaneous velocity v equals the limiting value of the ratio r/t as t approaches zero Magnitude of Instantaneous velocity = Instantaneous Speed The instantaneous speed of a particle is defined as the magnitude of its velocity 3. Acceleration The average acceleration of the particle is defined as the change in velocity v divided by the time interval t

  5. B. Streight-line motion with constant acceleration

  6. C. Freely Falling Bodies reference y = -h yo = 0 vo = 0 = - g • - h = 0 + 0 t + ½(- g) t2 • h = - ½ g t2 • h = ½ g t2 h For example, look exercise number 2.44 at page 87 (66)

  7. A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude 5.00 m/s, releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is 40.0 m above the ground. Afterit is released, the sandbag is in free fall. (b) How many seconds after its release will the bag strike the ground?

  8. D. Projectile motion y vox = vo cos α voy = vo sin α y-direction v = voy + at = vo sin α + at y = voy t + ½ a t2 = vo t sin α + ½ a t2 x-direction v = vox = vo cos α x = vox t = vo t cos α vo voy α 0 x vox

  9. v2  v R v2 v1 v1 r2 E. Uniform Circular Motion r1 r2  r as r1 R = circular radius as = centripetal acceleration t = time interval

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