Common Names for Chemicals

1. Common Names for Chemicals

2. 1. Which of the following is known commonly as ‘wood alcohol’ because it can be distilled from wood – don’t drink it though, b/c it’s highly poisonous. • Ethanol • Methanol • Isopropyl alcohol • C2H5OH • CH3COOH

3. 2. CaO is usually formed by heating CaCO3 to drive off the CO2. The US produces about 21 million tons of CaO yearly and it is commonly called ___. • Caustic soda • Saltpeter • Talc • Lime • chalk

4. 3. Which of the following chemical formulas represents laughing gas – which, by-the-way, is still used in some dental offices to help kill pain. • N2O • NaOCl • NaOH • Hg • CO2

5. Smelling Salts 4. The intensely pungent vapors of ‘smelling salts’ have been used to revive people who are ‘feeling faint’ . They are standard issue in some first aid kits. Their chemical name is ___. • Ammonium phosphate • Ammonia • Ammonium carbonate • NH4OH • NH3

6. 5. Vinegar is really ___. • Sodium hydroxide • Magnesium hydroxide • Calcium hydroxide • CH3OH • CH3COOH

7. 6. The White Cliffs of Dover in England are made of almost pure white CaCO3. The common name for this substance is ___. • Quicklime • Baking soda • Chalk • Saltpeter • Soda ash

8. 7. What is the correct formula for rubbing alcohol? • C3H7OH • CH3OH • CH3COOH • CH3CH2OH • NaOH

9. 8. Household bleach is ___. • Sodium hydroxide • NaClO • CaO • Potassium nitrate • HCl

10. 9. MgSO4 is commonly called ___. • Soda ash • Plaster of Paris • Milk of Magnesia • Epsom salts • talc

11. 10. Caustic soda (also known as lye) is used in soap making and is known chemically as ___. • HCl • Hg • NaOH • CH3OH • NaHCO3

12. 11. Muriatic, meaning “pertaining to brine or salt,” is an old (pre-systematic) name for ___. • Methanol • Nitrous oxide • NaClO • HCl • NaCl

13. 12. Used in the manufacture of glass (among other things), soda ash is chemically known as ___. • Magnesium silicate • Sodium carbonate • Sodium chloride • Calcium sulfate • Calcium oxide

14. 13. A critical component of gun powder as well as a food preservative, saltpeter is chemically known as ___. • KNO3 • K2CO3 • Calcium oxide • Table salt • MgSO4

15. 14. Calcium sulfate is also known as ___. • Potash • Slaked lime • Plaster of Paris • Lime • Talc

16. 15. Used as an astringent, a lubricant, a food additive, in the manufacture of paper and ceramics, in cosmetics, for welding, in pharmaceuticals including use as an additive to street heroin to increase its volume, Talc or Talcum powder comes from the mineral ___. • CaSO4 • (NH4)2CO3 • Mg(OH)2 • MgSiO3 • K2CO3

17. 16. K2CO3 is used primarily as a agricultural fertilizer b/c it con-tains a soluble source of potassium (1 of 3 primary plant nutrients.) K2CO3is commonly known as ___. • Rock salt • Quicksilver • Lime • Potash • Slaked lime

18. 17. When grains are converted to alcohol the ethyl alcohol can be fairly low, as is the case with many beers. When fermented grains are allowed to reach a high ethanol content and then distilled, the result is a colorless and very potent liquid which is sometimes called neutral grain spirits, in a reference to the clear color. The chemical formula for grain alcohol is ___. • CH3OH • CH3COOH • C3H7OH • NaOH • CH3CH2OH

19. 18. ____ is an archaic name for an element that was named after the Roman messenger God, Mercury. Some of its less commonly known uses include production of pesticides, caustic soda, and chlorine, dental amalgams, paint additives, batteries, mercury vapor lamps, mercury switches and as a vaccine preservative. • Quicksilver • Messenger Mineral • Zeus’s Messenger • Dream-silver • Flow Stone