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Intro

Intro. Historical vs. Religious Approach Historical Approach Reveals… Transformation Development of Orthodoxy. Resurrection and Transformation. Historical Problem Transformations Son of God Messiah Why did Messiah die?. Gospels. Oral Tradition

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Intro

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  1. Intro • Historical vs. Religious Approach • Historical Approach Reveals… • Transformation • Development of Orthodoxy

  2. Resurrection and Transformation • Historical Problem • Transformations • Son of God • Messiah • Why did Messiah die?

  3. Gospels • Oral Tradition • Four “Canonical” Gospels (2nd Half of 1st Century) • Mark • Matthew • Luke • John • Officially Acknowledged as Canon in 4th • Majority Opinion, after fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD

  4. Gospels • Oral Tradition • Four “Canonical” Gospels (2nd Half of 1st Century) • Mark • Matthew • Luke • John • Officially Acknowledged as Canon in 4th • Majority Opinion, after fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD • Debate about Authorship

  5. Gospels • Oral Tradition • Four “Canonical” Gospels (2nd Half of 1st Century) • Mark • Matthew • Luke • John • Officially Acknowledged as Canon in 4th • Majority Opinion, after fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD • Debate about Authorship • Common Sources

  6. Gospels • Oral Tradition • Four “Canonical” Gospels (2nd Half of 1st Century) • Mark • Matthew • Luke • John • Officially Acknowledged as Canon in 4th • Majority Opinion, after fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD • Debate about Authorship • Common Sources • Diversity • Within Canonical Gospels • Other Accounts of Jesus

  7. Diversity of Christian Thought • Ebionites • Close to Earliest Christianity? • Jewish Law • James the Just • Jesus=man chosen by God • Had Own Gospels • Paul

  8. Diversity of Christian Thought • Ebionites • Marcionites • Marcion • Differences from Judaism • Sacred Texts

  9. Marcion’s Alterations of Luke’s Gospel

  10. Diversity of Christian Thought • Ebionites • Marcionites • Gnostics • Discovery • Gnosis • Gnostic Ideas • Cosmic Mistake • Divine Realm and Material World • Resurrection: Spirit vs. Flesh • Gospel of Thomas • Threat to Proto-Orthodox

  11. Sayings in the Gospel of Thomas • "Unless you become like little children, you cannot know the meaning of Life, for your minds must be cleared of the falsehoods of this realm if you are to be taught Eternal Truth.“

  12. Sayings in the Gospel of Thomas • The disciples questioned Jesus concerning the Way of Life: "How should we fast? In what manner should we pray? How should our alms be given? What dietary law should we observe?" Jesus said, "I will instruct you in all these matters, but first you must put off your love of the lie, the false way of life followed by the children of this plane of existence, and be converted, changed so that you hate that which you have previously loved, and love that which you have previously hated. Then I will be able to show you all things, for there is nothing hidden which will not be manifested when you have put on the mind of Truth."

  13. Diversity of Christian Thought • Ebionites • Marcionites • Gnostics • Discovery • Gnosis • Gnostic Ideas • Cosmic Mistake • Divine Realm and Material World • Resurrection: Spirit vs. Flesh • Gospel of Thomas • Threat to Proto-Orthodox

  14. Victory of the Proto-Orthodox • Proto-Orthodox • Orthodoxy vs. Heresy • Traditional View • Modern Biblical Scholars View • Not late comers • Diversity of Views • Orthodoxy belongs to… • Why did proto-Orthodox win?

  15. Victory of the Proto-Orthodox: The Canon • Why have a sacred text? • Why this canon? • Development • Which writings in Canon? Criteria • Outcomes • 367 • 4 Gospels • Acts • Letters

  16. Conclusion • Diversity • Ascension of Orthodox • Diversity within Canon • Broader Historical Lessons

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