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Organizations as Culture. What is Culture?. “Patterns of development reflected in a society’s system of knowledge, ideology, laws and day-to-day rituals.” p. 166 Define each term above and discuss how it is part of culture. Culture in U.S. Organizations. Think about the terms:
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What is Culture? • “Patterns of development reflected in a society’s system of knowledge, ideology, laws and day-to-day rituals.” p. 166 • Define each term above and discuss how it is part of culture.
Culture in U.S. Organizations • Think about the terms: • System of knowledge • Ideology • Laws • Day-to-day rituals What do such terms uncover about organizations in the U.S? In other words, how do we take organizational life for granted in this country? What would someone from another country notice about organizations here? So that you may adequately understand the above concepts, we must also analyze the ways: Language Space Norms Values Are integrated into them…..
How difficult is it to de-construct a Culture? • Nacirema • http://www.msu.edu/~jdowell/miner.html
Culture and Organizations • U.S. versus Japanese histories led to different patterns in organizations. • For example, our belief in “Individualism” creates certain rules in the workplace about reward/punishment.
Ethnocentrism and Culture • How do we assume that the U.S. way of organizing is the best? • Our parenting involves making all children reach “to the top” because….But in England, children are supposed to be “seen and not heard.”
Corporate Cultures and Subcultures • Organizations are mini-societies with their own cultures • Corporate leaders try to create “successful cultures: • HP – Involvement (How did Hewlett and Packard create it?) • ITT – Fear (How did Geneen create it?) • Body Shop– Caring (How did Roddick create it?) • Yet, sometimes cultures emerge without leaders, especially subcultures
How Do You Create Culture? • Culture is created by: • History • Powerful people • Everyday People • Structure • Can You Create Culture? • Understand social context: • The culture should incorporate norms, values of society • Culture should build on existing rules of normative behavior. • Culture should establish a “shared reality.”
Strengths and Weaknesses of Culture • 1) We examine commonly held “truths” (like rationality) • 2) Successful organizations have successful cultures • 3) Managers can spend too much time creating “culture” and subsequently forget about people.
Which concepts are Imperative if you wish to apply Culture metaphor?