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Dickey Mooring

High Resolution Time Series Measurements of Bio-Optical and Physical Variability in the Coastal Ocean as Part of HyCODE. Dickey Mooring. Objectives.

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Dickey Mooring

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  1. High Resolution Time Series Measurements of Bio-Optical and Physical Variability in the Coastal Ocean as Part of HyCODE Dickey Mooring

  2. Objectives The long-term goal of our project is to increase understanding of the variability of IOPs and AOPs of ocean waters and their relationships to each other as well as to physical processes on continental shelves. • Specifically: • To provide the maximum number of in situ observations of IOPs and AOPs possible for calibrating, groundtruthing, and relating subsurface optical properties to aircraft and spacecraft ocean color data • To develop, test, and validate optical models and high resolution interdisciplinary models of the coastal ocean. • To study processes that contribute to temporal and spatial variability of spectral IOPs and AOPs. In particular, we are determining how temporal and spatial variability in IOPs and AOPs are affected by: • - Coastal physical and biological dynamics and larger scale circulation, • - Wave fields, • - Water column stratification and current shears, • - Near surface and near bottom mixing, • - Diurnal and seasonal biological and physical cycles, and • - Riverine and runoff inflows.

  3. Question 1.0 • Optical effects on solar transmission, sea surface albedo, and radiant heating rate • - Hydrolight Modeling • Inputs include daily noontime values of measured: • absorption and attenuation (ac-9 at 5, 11, 20 m) • chlorophyll-a concentration (fluorometers at 5 and 11 m) • VSF (within MLD) • boundary conditions (wind speed, solar angle, cloud index, Ed(0+,l)) • Similar past studies (Ohlmann et al., 2000) in the equatorial Pacific have shown that cloud cover, solar angle, and chlorophyll-a concentration have the greatest optical influences on solar transmission and radiant heating rates.

  4. Results 1.0 • MLD plays the most important role in the variability of solar transmission (expected), followed by chlorophyll-a concentration and CDOM concentration (unexpected). • Cloud index and solar angle have greater influence on variability of sea surface albedo and radiant heating rate.

  5. Results 1.0 Spectral results are similar

  6. More Analyses 1.0 • We need to make estimates of the components of the heat budget: latent heat, evaporative heat, etc. Does Scott Glenn have these?

  7. Question and Results 2.0 • Comparisons between in situ and remotely sensed measurements of Rrs(l) and derived chlorophyll-a concentration • Rick Gould provided us with time series of SeaWiFS and MODIS data • within a small area near our mooring site. • Spectral shape and magnitude comparisons ofRrs(l) look promising. Remotely sensed Rrs(l) spectra appear to have atmospheric correction errors, visible in the blue wavelengths.

  8. Results 2.0 • At first glance, it looks like OC-4 performs better at Chl-a > ~3.5 and Stumpf is better for Chl-a < ~3.5

  9. More Analyses 2.0 • Rick has provided IOP data (absorption and backscattering) estimated using SeaWiFS algorithms. We will compare these IOPs with in situ mooring measurements. Data Needed 2.0 • PHILLS Rrs(l) data, chl-a and IOPs generated from SeaWiFS, MODIS, and PHILLS data using different algorithms…

  10. Question 3.0 • Effects of CDOM on optical properties: Can we use CDOM to trace water masses? May 27, 2000; JD 148 June 11, 2000; JD 163 AVHRR images of Hudson River plumes (thanks to Rutgers website)

  11. Results 3.0 • CDOM is highly correlated with the inverse of salinity

  12. Results 3.0 • Rrs(550)/Rrs(400) is significantly coherent with ag(440) but not with Chl-a

  13. More Analyses 3.0 • Haven’t thought about it much yet… any ideas??? Data Needed 3.0 • Satellite images and data of the Hudson River plumes. 3 events in 2000: May 27, June 4, and June 10 • Complementary Rrs(l) data to check with Hydrolight • Complementary ag(l) bottle sample data to check our partitioning method

  14. HyCODE-related Publications Peer-reviewed papers • Chang, G. C., T. D. Dickey, C. D. Mobley, E. Boss, and W. S. Pegau, Toward closure of upwelling radiance in coastal waters, Appl. Opt., in press, 2003. • Chang, G. C., T. D. Dickey, O. M. Schofield, A. D. Weidemann, E. Boss, W. S. Pegau, M. A. Moline, and S. M. Glenn, Nearshore physical processes and bio-optical properties in the New York Bight, J. Geophys. Res.,doi: 10.1029/2001JC001018, 2002. • Dickey, T. and G. Chang, Recent advances and future visions: temporal variability of bio-optical and bio-optical properties of the ocean, Oceanography, 14(3), 15-29, 2001. Conference Presentations • Chang, G. C. and T. D. Dickey, Optical impacts on solar transmission in coastal waters, Ocean Optics XVI, Santa Fe, NM, November 2002. • Chang, G. C., T. D. Dickey, E. Boss, C. Mobley, and W. S. Pegau, Toward closure of in situ upwelled radiance in coastal waters, AGU/ASLO Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February 2002. • Chang, G. C., T. D. Dickey, O. M. Schofield, A. D. Weidemann, and S. M. Glenn, Temporal and Spatial Variability of physical and bio-optical properties on the New York Bight inner continental shelf, IAPSO/IABO 2001: An Ocean Odyssey Meeting, Mar del Plata, Argentina, October 2001. • Chang, G. C., T. D. Dickey, and O. Schofield, Physical processes related to bio-optical properties on the New York Bight inner continental shelf, ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Albuquerque, NM, February 2001.

  15. Anticipated Publications • Chang, G. C. and T. D. Dickey, Optical influences on solar transmission and radiant heating rate in coastal waters, in prep for JGR. • Chang, G. C. and T. D. Dickey, Interdisciplinary sampling strategies for detection and characterization of harmful algal blooms, in prep for HABWatch book. • Chang, G. and T. Dickey, Optical Methods for Interdisciplinary Research in the Coastal Ocean, in prep for Recent Research Developments in Optics, A. Gayathri, ed . • Chang, G., R. Gould, R. Arnone, and T. Dickey, Comparisons between SeaWiFS, MODIS, and in situ measurements of remote sensing reflectance and bio-optical properties, for Optics Express. • Dickey, T., M. Lewis, and G. Chang, Bio-optical oceanography: Recent advances and future directions using global remote sensing and in situ observations, in prep for Rev. of Geophys. • Manov, D. V., T. D. Dickey, and G. C. Chang, Methods for Reducing Biofouling of Moored Optical Sensors, in prep for JAOT. Upcoming Conferences • HABWatch Workshop, Villefranche-Sur-de-Mer, France, June 11-21, 2003. • Chang, G. C. and T. D. Dickey, Variability of solar transmission and radiant heating rate in the coastal ocean: optical impacts, submitted to IUGG Meeting, Sapporo, Japan, June - July 2003.

  16. HyCODE Spin-Offs • NOPP MOSEAN project (with Casey Moore, Al Hansen, and Dave Karl): Shallow water mooring in the Santa Barbara Channel to: • (1) Develop and test new optical and chemical sensors • (2) Develop and test new biofouling techniques • (3) Investigate HABs – optical identification methods, characteristics of their formation and cessation, etc. • (4) Study scattering properties of storm runoff / sediment resuspension (Santa Clara and Ventura River plumes) Do I win the award for shortest presentation (not presenter) again?

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