English

1. English ADJECTIVES

2. Contents *Introduction *Different forms of Adjectives *Examples *Activity *Exercises

3. What are Adjectives? Adjectives are used to qualify nouns. e.g. John is a lazy boy. This is a big house. Hong Kong is a busy city.

4. Can you describe yourselves or your friends with adjectives? careless useless friendly beautiful good tall unhappy clever lazy boring fat lovely bad unfriendly interesting thin naughty careful hardworking ugly happy polite handsome lonely short helpful shy

5. Can you classify the adjectives used? helpless careless friendly lovely lonely beautiful helpful careful interesting boring hardworking crying running good, bad, tall, short, fat, thin, lazy, shy, ugly, polite, clever, handsome, happy unfriendly unhappy

6. Adjectives in Past Participle Form Type 1: Regular Past Participle verb form Type 2: Irregular Past Participle verb form = Showing or feeling of = Make or cause to be

7. Examples: Adjectives in Past Participle Form Irregular: break………broken fall…………fallen write………written steal……….stolen give……….given see…………seen drive………driven speak……...spoken forget……..forgotten *sell…………sold *lose…………lost Regular: surprise…. surprised interest…...interested excite……..excited frighten…..frightened crowd…….crowded tire……….tired injure…….injured boil ……….boiled bore……….bored cook………cooked *worry………worried

8. A crowded flower market A broken vase

9. Adjectives in Present Participle Form Verb + ‘ing’ form = 1. Causing the feeling of 2. Showing a continuous status

10. Examples: Adjectives in Present Participle Form Regular: interest……interesting fall…….…..falling fly……..…..flying boil…..…….boiling relax……….relaxing worry……...worrying satisfy...…….satisfying cry…...……..crying burn………...burning disappoint….disappointing Irregular: surprise………surprising excite…………exciting tire……………tiring run……………running work hard……hardworking die…………….dying

11. A crying boy A shopping centre

12. A hardworking farmer A swimming lesson

13. Falling leaves Fallen leaves What is the difference between these two adjectives?

14. Boiled water Boiling water What is the difference between these two adjectives?

15. Adjectives formed by adding suffixes to nouns

16. Examples: Noun + ‘ful’ / ‘less’ Noun + ‘less’ care………careless help………helpless hope……..hopeless power…….powerless colour……colourless use……….useless cheer…….cheerless fear………fearless meaning….meaningless doubt…….doubtless Noun + ‘ful’: care…….…careful help…….…helpful hope….…...hopeful power…..…powerful colour….…colourful use……..….useful cheer……...cheerful fear……..…fearful meaning……meaningful success…….successful beauty……..beautiful

17. Colourful fruits Beautiful flowers

18. A careful girl A careless boy Compare these two adjectives. careless = not careful / without care careless = ?

19. Helpful children A helpless beggar Compare these two adjectives. helpless = needing others’ help / without help helpless = ?

20. He wants to be a teacher when he grows up. A meaningful sentence He wants to hit you inside box. a meaningless sentence

21. A successful man ? A successless man NO! An unsuccessful man

22. Examples: noun + ‘able’ / ‘ible’ enjoy…….…enjoyable comfort……comfortable reason……...reasonable agree……….agreeable move……….movable value….……valuable believe…..….believable forget……....forgettable response……responsible sense………..sensible horror……..horrible

23. A comfortable home

24. Examples: noun + ‘y’ wind……….windy cloud………cloudy snow……….snowy rain………..rainy sun…………sunny noise……….noisy taste……….tasty salt…………salty cream……..creamy health………..healthy wealth……….wealthy luck………….lucky greed…………greedy sleep………….sleepy rock………….rocky sand………….sandy blood…………bloody speed…………speedy

25. Tasty food A noisy place A dirty city

26. A rainy day A windy day A sunny day

27. Adjectives formed by adding prefixes to adjectives • ‘un’ + adjective • ‘dis’ + adjective • ‘in’ + adjective • ‘im’ + adjective • ‘ir’ + adjective • ‘il’ + adjective • ‘non’ + adjective =NOT+adjective (opposite in meaning)

28. Examples: ‘un’ + adjectives happy……..unhappy tidy……….untidy able……….unable kind………unkind lucky…….unlucky fair……….unfair likely…….unlikely locked……unlocked seen……….unseen equal……..unequal usual……….unusual healthy……..unhealthy helpful……..unhelpful comfortable…uncomfortable forgettable….unforgettable friendly……..unfriendly cooked………uncooked important…...unimportant reasonable…..unreasonable attractive…….unattractive

29. A tidy room An untidy room

30. A happy family An unhappy girl

31. They feel comfortable. They feel uncomfortable.

32. Healthy sports activities Unhealthy snacks

33. LAZY An easy word Irresponsible ? An uneasy word NO! A difficult word

34. Examples: ‘dis’ + adjectives honest…….……….dishonest able…….………….disabled obedient…………...disobedient satisfied……………dissatisfied orderly……………..disorderly continuous………….discontinuous advantageous………disadvantageous

35. Examples: ‘in’ + adjectives direct…….…indirect active…….…inactive correct……...incorrect Complete.…..incomplete famous……...infamous convenient….inconvenient considerate…inconsiderate dependent…..independent

36. 'Why are you late for school, John?' asked the teacher. A question in direct speech The teacher asked John why he was late for school. A question in indirect speech

37. I was born in August. A correct sentence I was born in 19th August. An incorrect sentence

38. Examples: ‘im’ + adjectives Polite……..…….impolite Possible….…..…impossible Perfect……..…..imperfect Patient……..…..impatient Balanced……....imbalanced Mature……..….immature Measurable…....immeasurable

39. I want to live in a big house. A possible wish I want to live on the clouds. An impossible wish

40. Examples: ‘ir’ + adjectives regular………….…..irregular responsible………….irresponsible relevant……………..irrelevant removable…………..irremovable replaceable…….……irreplaceable

41. Regular MTR service Irregular mini-bus service

42. Examples: ‘il’ + adjectives legal………..…illegal logical………..illogical literate……….illiterate

43. A bird can fly. A logical sentence A dog can fly. An illogical sentence

44. Examples: ‘non’ + adjectives stop…………….non-stop violent…………non-violent smoking……….non-smoking verbal…………non-verbal

45. Adjectives formed by adding the suffix ‘ly’ to nouns / adjectives Noun + ‘ly’ or Adjective + ‘ly’ = having the quality of

46. Examples: Adjectives formed by adding ‘ly’ to nouns / adjectives *Noun + ‘ly’ love…………lovely friend……….friendly order……….orderly *Adjective + ‘ly’ live………..lively like………..likely lone……….lonely

47. The friendly Santa Claus Lovely monkeys

48. Activity: Describe this picture with adjectives On a windy day, a horrible fire broke out in a locked building. The responsible firemen came at once and found a helpless and frightened girl who was shouting from a broken window. With the help of some useful tools, the firemen saved the crying girl. They had done a wonderful job. It was impossible for the girl to forget this unforgettable experience.

49. Story-writing Exercise 1 Our English teacher gives us dictations every week. Sometimes, the teacher asks us to study for the dictations beforehand, but sometimes we do not have to.That means some are ___________ dictations and some are ______________ dictations. However, my classmates are bad students. Some of them tell lies.They are ____________________. Some of them do not obey the teachers.They are _____________. Some of them always sleep in class.It seems that they always feel _____________________. Some of them always throw rubbish.So, the classroom is very _______________. Some of them shout loudly in class.They are very __________. In this examination, most of them get poor results.Their teachers and parents feel ________________________ at their performance.

50. Story-writing Exercise 2 Once, there was an old man. He was very rich, but he wanted more and more money.He was really ___________________. He had a son, but he always beated him up.He was ___________ to his son. It rained heavily one day.The old man travelled with his son in a car on this _________________ day. When the old man was driving, he did not look at the traffic lights which had turned red and so the car crashed in a lorry.He was very ___________________. His son fell into a river. He could not swim andhe felt ___________________ because he needed help. Luckily, a man who always helped others saved him.He was a ______________________ man.The son was really _______________ because he did not die.