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Modern Chinese History

Modern Chinese History. 20 th Century. THE REPUBLICS OF CHINA. Sun Yat-Sen , who led a revolutionary group in 1912 which forced the last Chinese emperor to give up his power, in turn formed the first Republic of China .

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Modern Chinese History

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  1. Modern Chinese History 20th Century

  2. THE REPUBLICS OF CHINA • Sun Yat-Sen, who led a revolutionary group in 1912 which forced the last Chinese emperor to give up his power, in turn formed the first Republic of China. • When Sun Yat-Sen died and his followers split into the Nationalists and the Communists.

  3. Republics of China • Chiang Kai-Shek, a military leader, united China under a Nationalist Government. • The Communists opposed the Nationalists and started a civil war which lasted until 1949.

  4. The Republics of China • The Communists won the civil war and were led by Mao Zedong. • When Mao created the People’s Republic of China where only the Communist Party was allowed, Chiang Kai-Shek and his Nationalists moved to Taiwan and used Martial Law, or military rule, to control Taiwan

  5. MAO’S CHINA • Mao had the government control the economy, factories and farms and how people should live. • Women were given equal status, but religious worship was banned. • To control overpopulation, parents could only have 1 child. • Famine, or massive starvation, hit China in 1960’s and 30 million people died.

  6. Mao’sCULTURAL REVOLUTION • Mao started the “Cultural Revolution” in the 1966, which tried to get everyone to live like peasants. Millions of people were sent to the rural countryside to work as farmers.

  7. Cultural Revolution • Mao’s followers were called Red Guards and anyone who opposed this revolution was jailed.

  8. Post-Cultural Revolution • After Mao died, many Chinese started their own small businesses. Although most Chinese are poor, some have made a lot of money. • The Chinese government today allows some economic freedom, but there are restrictions on freedoms of speech, religion, and the government controls the telephone system, the internet and tv.

  9. Chinese Culture • Taoism, an ancient religion and way of life that focuses on a person's individual development; Taoism means “The Path”

  10. Chinese Culture • Confucius founded Confucianism which stresses the importance of family and respect.

  11. Chinese Culture • Buddhism has been an important religion in China for over 1000 years. It stresses the ideas of peace, understanding and respect for nature and all living things.

  12. Pagodas are Buddhist temples

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