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Brief Introduction of Safety Control for Hazardous Chemicals in China

Brief Introduction of Safety Control for Hazardous Chemicals in China. Huang Liming Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics. 1- Establishing a serial of Legislation and Standards.

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Brief Introduction of Safety Control for Hazardous Chemicals in China

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  1. Brief Introduction of Safety Control for Hazardous Chemicals in China Huang Liming Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics

  2. 1- Establishing a serial of Legislation and Standards • Since now, China has established more than 300 kinds of chemical safety control regulations, and more than 600 national safety standards. More than 100 kinds of them are directly related with hazardous chemicals.

  3. Some regulations and standards list as below. • 《Work Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China》, released on Nov. 1, 2002 • 《Safety Management Regulation for Hazardous Chemicals》, released on Mar. 15, 2002 • 《Convention of Chemicals’ Safety Usage at Working Place》, (also called No. 170 International Convention), passed on Oct. 27, 1994 • 《Requirements of Hazardous Chemicals for the Manufacture and Business Entities》, GB18265-2000 • 《General Storage Regulation of Dangerous Chemicals in Common Use》, GB15603-1995

  4. Some regulations and standards list as below. • 《Safety Supervision and Administration Method of Flammable and Explosive Chemicals》 • 《Regulation on the Safe Use of Chemicals at Industrial Sites》, Jan. 1, 1997 • 《Production Safety Ban of Chemical Industry Ministry of the People’s Republic of China》, Oct. 8, 1994 • 《Registration and Administration Regulation of Hazardous Chemicals》, 2000 • 《Highway Transport and Administration Regulation of Dangerous Goods》 • 《Waterway Transport Regulation of Dangerous Goods》, 1996 • 《Catalog of Dangerous Chemicals (V. 2002)》

  5. Some regulations and standards list as below. • 《Notice of Carrying Out Occupational Health and Safety Management Authentication System》, 1999 • 《Policy Method of License Administration for Hazardous Chemicals》 • 《Toxic Identification and Administration Criterion of Chemicals》, Oct. 1, 2005 • 《Graduation, Classification and Arrangement of Virulent Chemicals》, GA57-92 • 《Catalog of Virulent Chemicals (V. 2002)》 • 《Classification and Label of Dangerous Chemicals in Common Use》, GB13690-92

  6. Some regulations and standards list as below. • 《General Technical Condition of Package for Transporting Dangerous Goods》, GB12463-1990 • 《Catalog of Dangerous goods》, GB15603-95 • 《Specifications on the Technical Explanation for the Safe Use of Hazardous Chemicals》, GB16483-1998 • 《Specifications on the Safety Label of Dangerous Chemicals》, GB15258-1998 • 《Catalog of Hazardous Goods》, GB12268-90 and so on.

  7. Establishing a serial of legislation and Standards • Among all the above mentioned legislations, there are two are most important, viz. 《Work Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China》 and 《Safety Management Regulation for Hazardous Chemicals》. • The intent of the former is enforcing the surveillance and administration of manufacturing safety, preventing and reducing safety accidents, ensuring the safety of people and property. • It consists of five main aspects:

  8. Establishing a serial of Regulations and Standards • 1. Safety Guarantee and Requirement for Manufacturing and Business; • 2. Right and Obligation for the Workers; • 3. Surveillance and Administration of Manufacturing Safety; • 4. Emergency Response, Investigation and Handling Regulation of the Manufacturing Safety Accidents; • 5. Legal Liability

  9. Establishing a serial of Regulations and Standards • The latter is directly aiming at hazardous chemicals (which has been put in practice from March 15, 2002). Its intent is to strengthen the safety management of hazardous chemicals, ensure the safety of the staff and property, and protect our environment. It is made up of five main contents: 1. Manufacture, Storage and Usage Administration Regulation of Hazardous Chemicals; 2. Business and Management Regulation of Hazardous Chemicals;

  10. Establishing a serial of Regulations and Standards • 3. Administration Regulation on Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals • 4. Regulation of the Registration of Hazardous Chemicals and Emergency Response Management of Accidents • 5. Legal Liability According to the concerned law and standards, the manufacture and business entities should constitute their own regulation of safety management, and controlling measures of the hazardous chemicals in relative process efficiently.

  11. Establishing a serial of Regulations and Standards • For some special dangerous chemicals, such as explosives and radiative materials, the government had established some professional regulations. • Such as: • 《Safety Regulation of Explosion at Dangerous Place》, 1995 • 《Radiation Protection Regulation of Radiative Isotope and Radiative Instrument》, 1989 • 《Sanitary Shield Policy Method of Radiative Work》, 2001

  12. 2-Extensive safety promotion, education and training • Organizing the annual “Production Safety Month” campaign. (started from 1991. aim to promote safety knowledge to the common people. prolonged from one week to one month after year 2003).

  13. Extensive safety promotion, education and training • Posters on safety can be seen here and there at society, factory and many other public places. • Attach importance to the safety education of the minor. • Establish professional education commission on safety engineering. (25/12/1996, Beijing). Up to now, 75 Universities have set up the safety engineering department.

  14. Extensive safety promotion, education and training • Bring up a group of academic research staff on manufacturing safety. • Introduce new technical instrument and advanced management methods of other countries into China. (For example, the famous companies such as Dupont and Bayer brought the first class safety technology in the world and safety management concept and methods into China.)

  15. Extensive safety promotion, education and training • Carrying out emergency exercises for safety accident. The photos showed a large scale emergency exercise. Its purpose was to practice how to tackle the accident as liquid chlorine leakiness in the way of transportation.

  16. 3-Strengthen the management and surveillance • 3.1－Management of the hazardous chemicals’ production, storage and usage • Adopt the method of examination and approval. • Any unit and individual • can not produce, store • hazardous chemicals • without approval.

  17. Strengthen the management and surveillance • Strict the qualification of the enterprises. There are 5 conditions to abide by: • equipped with manufactory techniques, equipments or storage ways and facilities according to the national standards; • the peripheral protection distance of the factory, warehouse matches national standard; • have qualified administrators and engineers take charge of the production and storage; • set up the safety management system completely; • Meet other demands of the rule of the regulation and national standard.

  18. Strengthen the management and surveillance • 3.2－Management of the hazardous chemicals’ business • Implemented license system. Any unit and individual can not sell hazardous chemicals without permission. • 3.3－Management of the hazardous chemicals’ transportation • Without cognizance by government, the hazardous chemicals can not be transported. The enterprises engaged in the hazardous chemicals’ transportation must be approved by the ministry of communications.

  19. Strengthen the management and surveillance • 3.4－Management of the hazardous chemicals’ enrollment and accident rescue • Carry out the policy of enrollment, and provide the technique and information for the hazardous chemicals’ safety management, provide accidents prevention and emergency rescue.

  20. 3.5－Punishment on breaking the hazardous chemicals’ rules • There are five points belonged to legal liability: 1. Laid on the administrative staff’s legal liability. 2. While dangerous chemical accidents took place, the department involved that neither to implement relative regulation nor to adopt emergency measure to lower the trouble degree will be laid on the legal liability. 3. Laid the legal liability on the units engaged in hazardous chemicals.

  21. 4. Check the illegal behavior of producing and using the packaging, container of hazardous chemicals, and pursue the legal liability of the related personnel. • 5. Check the illegal behavior engaged in the production, storage and sale the hazardous chemicals; laid on the related person's legal liability.

  22. Strengthen the management and surveillance • 3.6－Carry out special inspection on hazardous chemicals’ safety • In order to straighten up the situation of the hazardous chemicals’ production safety stably, the government specially inspects the hazardous chemicals’ safety every year. • 3.7－Promote Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS). • Today, many enterprises have adopted OSHMS, and have an effect on the safety management.

  23. 4-Serious Safety Situation • Currently, the hazardous chemicals’ accidents is rising up obviously. There were 514 cases in the whole country in 2000, 785 persons died, but in 2003, the amount of the accidents reached to 621 cases, 960 persons died.

  24. Serious Safety Situation • April in 2004, there were serial cases involving severe leaking of hazardous chemicals and explosion took place in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Beijing...etc., resulting in 23 persons died, over 300 persons injured or poisoned, more than 150,000 persons evacuated. • There are two examples.

  25. 1-“4 ·16” explosion

  26. “4 ·16” explosion • The photos showed that chlorine gas leakiness caused the nitrogen trichloride explosion in Chongqing Tian yuan chemical plant on Apr.16th, 2005, caused 9 persons disappeared and died, 3 persons got hurt, more than 150,000 persons evacuated.

  27. 2-Hydrogen sulfide poison • A gas well blowout took place in the northeast of Sichuan province on Dec.23th, 2003, caused 234 persons died.

  28. 5－Reason and Correction • It is generally believed that there are 5 reasons as following. 1. Some employees are short of the consciousness of safety and skills; 2. In different enterprise, such as in private-enterprise, in state-enterprise and in foreign-enterprise, the employees have different sense of safety responsibility. 3. The regulations for safety production are not enough perfect. 4. The level of production science and technology is still lower. 5. The investment in safety is still not enough.

  29. Reason and Correction • The statistics showed that the employees graduated from junior high school is about 70% in 140,000,000, most of them lack of basic technology and knowledge, lack of experience and method, can not protect themselves at the process of emergency. • Because the employees always don’t abide by the rules, in most cases the similar accident always took place again and again by individual’s wrong operation.

  30. Reason and Correction • So, in order to control the hazardous chemicals efficiently, we must rely on completed the related regulations and standards, rely on the most advance detecting and supervision instruments, rely on the safety management itself. • At the same time, we must always rely on the education. Only when the employees were well conscious of what is right and what is wrong, when they can follow the operation rules properly, the artificial mistakes could be greatly decreased. and the safety accidents could be enormously lowly!

  31. All above are my personal opinions about safety control for hazardous chemicals in China. • Thank you for your attention!

  32. About Us • As a chemical company, it takes responsibility for communities, customers and employees, adheres to the philosophy of HSE in all the aspects of R&D, production, sale, application etc. It continuously invests in software and hardware for HSE, pays close attention and makes application of new knowledge and techniques. It also makes constant technical innovations, improves the management and HR conditions, ensures the effective implementation of ISO14001 standard and OSHMS, and pushes itself actively to make constant progress in HSE.

  33. Today, our quality products based on science and technology are playing a very active role in world agriculture and human health.

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