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Boston Legal Class Exercise. Selene Mize Faculty of Law, University of Otago NIFTEP 6 November 2009. The Exercise. Underlying case Lawyers Watch clips Jot down one or two sentences for each of the following questions: Would you crush a close friend to win a lawsuit?
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Boston Legal Class Exercise Selene Mize Faculty of Law, University of Otago NIFTEP 6 November 2009
The Exercise • Underlying case • Lawyers • Watch clips • Jot down one or two sentences for each of the following questions: • Would you crush a close friend to win a lawsuit? • In a nutshell, what is the nature of the relationship between a lawyer and client? • What does it take to be an ethical lawyer? • (There is no one right answer.)
Would You Crush a Friend to Win a Lawsuit? • Thoughts?
Former Students • 49% said no or probably not • 24% said maybe, it depends, or I hope not • 24% said yes, probably, or if the situation required it • 3% did not answer or didn’t know
Those Saying Yes • Protection of the client • “You take an oath to defend your client, not be kind to your friends” • “I would do what is best for my client” • “The client takes priority” • Role differentiated morality • “Friendship and work should be separated, so yes” • “Personal relationships should not affect how you do your duty and job as a lawyer” • “It’s just business”
Some were vehement • “Damn right!” • “Hell yes!” • Some were reluctant, • “It would be difficult and I would be more to mediate as much as possible first but I suppose if the job requires you to win a case - that’s what I would try to do” • “If there were no alternatives”
Reciprocity was often mentioned • “Yes, I’d expect the same of them” • “Hopefully my friend would do the same to me” • Guilt too • “Maybe, but feel bad afterwards”
Those Saying Maybe or It Depends • Situational factors (disliked by many philosophers, in fact powerful determinants) • “If the case were important enough” • “That would ultimately on how important the outcome of the case would be to my client vs how bad my friend would feel. Some things are more important than preserving others’ feelings.” [Do Jerry’s interests weigh equally with the client’s?]
Distinguishing between crushing the friend in legal and personal ways • “That is not law” • “Not in the unprofessional and completely irrelevant way on the clip” • “Yes but within limits, professionally” • Equivocal • “Hopefully not, but possibly yes” • “I don’t know but I would like to say no” • [Here we often discuss difficulties in predicting behaviour, and the influence of pressure on decision-making]
Those Saying No • “NO! One of the greatest fears I have in entering the legal system is that I may have to compromise my values and integrity. This goes against everything I have been taught and everything I believe.” • “No, you wouldn’t try and crush anyone” [deontological] • “Friendship is too important”
“It is dirty and immoral” • “It is not really legal argument” • “The purpose of every lawsuit is to determine truth in a respectful manner for both parties” • “No, but don’t tell my clients!” • “What goes around comes around” [pragmatic vs ethical reasoning]
One person wrote “yes” then crossed it out and wrote “depends” then crossed it out and wrote “no”. I praise the reflection at work in this answer.
Why I Use this Exercise • By making students turn in the form, they become actively involved, rather than remaining solely passive observers in class (ideally, setting a trend for the rest of the semester) • Doing it on the first day of class, student motivation is usually very high • Curiosity about a new subject • Assignments and exam prep not yet making conflicting demands on time • At the start of the semester, students can’t easily guess my own views, and try to feed back what they think I want to hear
It introduces the role of lawyers -- a subject we will return to at several points during the semester
The Relationship Between Lawyers and Clients • What is the essence of a lawyer’s job? • To help the client achieve his or her aims • Ensure the process runs correctly • ???
What Does it Take to Be an Ethical Lawyer? • Student answers often mention: • Philosophy • Personal morality • Role-differentiated morality • Situational factors • Care for others
I Tell Students: • Some people determine their ethics from an outside source (eg religion) • Some model themselves on a role model’s character or actions • Some start from an overall philosophy, and move to the specific applications • Some introspect and reach decisions for specific situations, and leave grand philosophies for later (or never)
There are lots of ways, all justifiable, to reach one’s personal sense of ethics (and it doesn’t happen overnight) • Ultimately, defining morality is a personal matter. You are morally and legally responsible for your own behaviour. Ethics is about having integrity (making consistent principled decisions which are consistent with your values) and being proud of your own actions. You may be persuaded by others, but you should not refuse to make your own ethical judgments.