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Art Appreciation What is Art History?. Gardner’s “Art Through the Ages” Introduction. Architecture Sculpture Pictorial Arts (painting, drawing, print making, photography) Craft Arts (objects of utility; ex. Ceramics, jewelry, textiles)
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Art AppreciationWhat is Art History? Gardner’s “Art Through the Ages” Introduction
Architecture • Sculpture • Pictorial Arts (painting, drawing, print making, photography) • Craft Arts (objects of utility; ex. Ceramics, jewelry, textiles) • Machine and machine produced objects belong to the history of technology What we consider art:
Chronology (date/how old is it?) • Provenance (place of origin/region) • Style (period or culture/”ism” • Iconography and subject matter (portrait, landscape, historical, genre, still life etc) • Attribution (who made it) • Who paid for it? (patrons) • Meaning, cause, context Historical categories historians use to arrange objects in time:
Measuring scale of historical time • Art looks different from one period to the next. Chronology
Classification of place by origin • Style can have regional variations • Can allow us to see the spread of certain styles to various regions Provenance
Time period when a work of art was made has everything to do with its style (look) • Style of a work of art is a function of its historical period Style and Stylistic Change
Iconography literally means “writing of images” • Symbols can be derived from images, and an image may have symbolic significance • What the work of art is about, the story or narrative, scene presented, person involved, environment and its details Iconography and Subject Matter
Pictorial subject matter can be broadly separated into • Religious • Historical • Mythological • Genre (scenes from everyday life) • Portrait • Landscape • Still Life
Documentary evidence: signatures, dates on work and artists own writings. Who made it?/Attribution
School: often, not always, artists are influenced by their masters, and then influence or are influenced by fellow artists working in similar styles at the same time or place (this is a chronological and stylistic classification with regards to place/origin)
Did someone commission the artist to create the work? (patron) Who paid for it?
Involves both the sensibilities of a sculptor and painter and must be able to use the tools and instruments of a mathematician. Architecture:
Relief: figures projecting from a background from which they are a part of • High-Relief vs. Low (bas) relief • In the round Categories and terms in Sculpture
Subtractive: carving, reduction of original mass • Additive: built up (usually clay), make a shape, create a mold More on sculpture….
Form & Composition • Material & Technique • Line • Color • Texture • Space, Mass, Volume • Perspective & Foreshortening • Proportion & Scale • Carving & Casting • Relief Sculpture (high, low) Words art Historians use:
Lorrain, Embarkation of the Queen, 1648 (example of perspective)