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RED CELL DISORDERS . NEONATAL ANEMIA. Hemorrhage: Twin-twin / feto-maternal transfusion, overt/external hemorrhageHemolysisImmune: ABO, Rh, minor blood group incompatibilityInfection: TORCH, sepsis, parvo virusRed cell defects: membrane disorders, enzyme deficiencies, hemoglobinopathy, micro/ma
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1. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY BOARD REVIEW Lakshmi Venkateswaran MD
Assistant Professor
Section of Hematology/Oncology
Texas Children’s Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine
June, 2010
2. RED CELL DISORDERS
3. NEONATAL ANEMIA Hemorrhage:
Twin-twin / feto-maternal transfusion, overt/external hemorrhage
Hemolysis
Immune: ABO, Rh, minor blood group incompatibility
Infection: TORCH, sepsis, parvo virus
Red cell defects: membrane disorders, enzyme deficiencies, hemoglobinopathy, micro/macro-angiopathic hemolysis
Underproduction
Fanconi’s anemia
Diamond Blackfan anemia
Schwachman-Diamond syndrome
Aase syndrome
Pearson syndrome
Dyskeratosis congenita
Congenital Dyserythropoietic anemia
4. IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA Cause:
Dietary (milk based diet - esp. toddlers), blood loss (Meckel’s diverticulum, GI ulcer, polyps, hemangioma, irritation by cow’s milk protein, worm infestation), inhibition of/decreased absorption (lead poisoning, celiac disease, tropical sprue)
Clinical Features:
Pica, pallor, tachycardia, heart murmur, epithelial changes; chronic – impaired growth, cognitive dysfunction, altered attention span, behavior, performance
Lab Features:
Microcytosis (low MCV), increased RDW, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, normal / low reticulocyte count, thrombocytosis