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Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

What's Wrong with This Picture?. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?. Hypotheses. 1 How is this disease distributed?. 2 Is there an association?. Did the exposure and the disease turn up together?. 3 Is the association causal?. 4

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Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

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  1. What's Wrong with This Picture? Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  2. Hypotheses 1 How is this disease distributed? 2 Is there an association? Did the exposure and the disease turn up together? 3 Is the association causal? 4 What should be done to prevent the disease? 5 Did the prevention strategy work? Where are we and where are we going? What’s my hypothesis? Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  3. Descriptive Epidemiology Analytical Epidemiology Review Hypothesis What is descriptive epidemiology? What is analytical epidemiology? What is a hypothesis? Tests Hypotheses Formulates Hypotheses An Educated Guess Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  4. People who participate in a trial but do not get the treatment. Their results are compared to results of the group that does get the treatment. No AcneMed “Not Exposed” Control Group Review What is a control group? AcneMed “Exposed” Experimental Group Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  5. Poor Grades Drug Use Smoking marijuana causes memory loss. Epidemiologist Board of Education Scenario Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  6. No Marijuana Marijuana 100 Students Control Group 100 Students Experimental Group Scenario 200 High School Students Measure Memory 4 Months What’s wrong with this picture? Measure Memory Loss 2 x 2 Table, Calculate Risks, and Relative Risk Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What’s Wrong With This Picture?

  7. Epi Talk Epi Talk Ethical In accordance with the accepted principles of right and wrong governing the conduct of a group. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  8. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  9. Nazi Human Experiments What’s wrong with this picture? Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  10. Accepted Principles What happened after World War II was over? Doctors Trial Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  11. Accepted Principles Highlights of the Nuremberg Code Totally voluntary, informed consent Based on prior animal experiments Justification of benefit to individuals or society Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  12. Accepted Principles Highlights of the Nuremberg Code Totally voluntary, informed consent Based on prior animal experiments Justification of benefit to individuals or society Absolute avoidance of physical and mental suffering and injury Conducted only by qualified scientists Ability of subjects to withdraw at any time Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  13. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  14. Tuskegee Syphilis Study What’s wrong with this picture? Nothing Learned Will Prevent, Find, or Cure a Single Case. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  15. Tuskegee Syphilis Study Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  16. 1972: 1973: 1974: 1975: 1979: Accepted Principles What happened? Newspaper article and public outcry Senate hearings on human experiments Study stopped Lifetime medical treatment guaranteed for survivors National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects Affected wives and children given medical treatment Belmont Report Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  17. Accepted Principles Clinton Regrets “Clearly Racist” U.S. Study New York Times, May 17, 1997 Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  18. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  19. Accepted Principles The Belmont Report Office of the Secretary Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research April 18, 1979 Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  20. Accepted Principles Belmont Report Basic Ethical Principles Respect for Persons Beneficence Justice Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  21. Epi Talk Epi Talk Respect for Persons Respect individual autonomy (independence, freedom, capacity for self direction) Provides extra protection for those with less autonomy. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  22. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for Ensuring “Respect for Persons” Informed Consent Complete information about study and potential risks Understand information Voluntary participation Withdraw at any time Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  23. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  24. Epi Talk Epi Talk Beneficence An effort to secure people’s well-being. A decision about when it is justifiable to seek certain benefits despite the risks involved. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  25. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for ensuring “Beneficence” Risk / Benefit Assessment Consider all types of potential harms Benefits to participants and / or to society Brutal or inhumane treatment is never justified Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  26. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  27. Epi Talk Epi Talk Justice Fair distribution of the benefits of research and the burdens of being a research subject. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  28. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for Ensuring “Justice” Subject Selection Selection process and outcome must be fair Avoid cultural, racial, social or other biases Avoid choosing convenient or easy to manipulate participants Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  29. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  30. Accepted Principles Accepted Principles RFP Need to let people know about study. Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  31. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  32. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  33. Epi Log Worksheet Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  34. Investigation 2-3 has ended. CDC What's Wrong with This Picture? Detectives in the Classroom - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

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