QOTD

1. QOTD • Which of the following was one of the terms of the Compromise of 1850 that was strongly supported by the South? a) The compromise removed the ban on the importation of slaves. b) There was a clause that guaranteed slavery would be legal in the U.S. for the next 50 years. c) The compromise allowed slavery to spread from the southern states to the northern states. d) There was a strengthened fugitive slave law to help with the capture of escaped slaves.

2. QOTD • Which of the following was one of the terms of the Compromise of 1850 that was strongly supported by the South? d) There was a strengthened fugitive slave law to help with the capture of escaped slaves.

3. Today’s Standard • SSUSH 9 • a. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure of popular sovereignty, Dred Scott case, and John Brown’s Raid.

4. Compromise Fails – The South Secedes 1850 - 1860

5. Compromise Fails • 1) The Compromise of 1850 didn’t do the job • The Fugitive Slave Law enraged the North • California’s admission as a free state enraged the South • 2) Popular sovereignty would be the final attempt to solve the problem • As the territory won from the Mexican War was quickly being settled, a solution was needed • States’ populations would be allowed to choose whether to be slave or free states

6. A “Mini-War” In Kansas • 3) The Kansas-Nebraska Act would be passed in 1854 • Popular sovereignty would decide • 4) A race to Kansas began between free soilers and pro-slavery settlers to fill up Kansas and gain a majority • 5) The tension became violent when they began killing each other - Bleeding Kansas

7. 6) Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) • March 1857 • Dred Scott • Slave from Missouri • Lived in free territories • Sued for his freedom • Supreme court votes 7 to 2 against Scott • The North is outraged

8. John Brown’s Raid • Harpers Ferry, Va • October 16th, 1859 • 1) John Brown, a radical white abolitionist tries to start a slave rebellion • 2) John Brown’s Raid • 21 men, 5 African American • Raids a federal arsenal • Arsenal – a place where weapons are stored • Stopped by Col. Robert E. Lee • Eventually hanged • 3) Slavery is no longer being argued in words, but now with bullets.

9. “A house divided cannot stand. I believe thisgovernment cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become one thing, or all the other.” --Abraham Lincoln, 1858

10. The Election of 1860 • 1) Election of 1860 • The Democratic and Republican Parties meet to choose candidates BUT…. • Democrats in the U.S. can’t agree on slavery in territories • Southern Democrats wanted slaveowners’ rights protected • Northern Democrats wanted popular sovereignty • 8 Southern Democratic states left and chose their own candidates • The Northern Democratic states stayed in Washington and chose their own candidates • The split made the Dems. Weaker and the Republicans stronger

11. President Abraham Lincoln • The result of this was that there were now two different elections going on in the country: one in the North, one in the South: • 2a) North – Stephen Douglas vs. Abraham Lincoln • b) South – John Bell vs. John Breckinridge • Abraham Lincoln didn’t even appear on Southern ballots • Most Southerners likely never had heard of him but… • 3) Lincoln wins the election with not even one electoral vote from the South • The South is outraged

12. Abraham Lincoln – An Unlikely Candidate • Abraham Lincoln was not well known before he was elected president • He was born in Kentucky, and eventually moved to Illinois where he was elected to the House of Representatives • Eventually set his sights on the presidency • His views on slavery? Contrary to what many think, Lincoln didn’t initially believe African-Americans should be equal to whites • He actually supported legislation to send slaves back to Africa • He didn’t like slavery but he didn’t want to abolish it, just stop its expansion • He ran as a Republican candidate

13. “I will say then that I am not, nor ever have been in favor of bringing about in anyway the social and political equality of the white and black races – that I am not nor ever have been in favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor to intermarry with white people; and I will say in addition to this that there is a physical difference between the white and black races which I believe will forever forbid the two races living together on terms of social and political equality. --Abraham Lincoln, 1858

14. The Lower South Secedes • Southern states felt like they had no say in gov’t after Lincoln’s victory • 4) They begin calling for secession • Leaving the Union of states • 5) South Carolina secedes December 20th 1860 • Six other southern states follow • The Confederate States of America is born • Jefferson Davis, a former Mississippi Senator, was elected president of the CSA • All that was left now was a spark

15. Jefferson DavisPresident of the Confederate States

16. Sectionalism Timeline • Put the eight events below in order in your thinking map. • In the boxes: • 1) Put the events IN ORDER and draw and color a picture of the event • 2) On the lines below write a sentence or two about how it either tried to solve the issue of slavery in the U.S., or how it led to the Civil War. THE EVENTS BELOW ARE NOT IN ORDER! • 1) John Brown’s Raid • 2) Wilmot Proviso • 3) Election of Abraham Lincoln • 4) Dred Scott Case • 5) Nat Turner’s Rebellion • 6) Missouri Compromise - 1820 • 7) Compromise of 1850 • 8) Mexican War

17. Unit 4 Study Guides So Far… • 1) Sectionalism Intensifies – Abolitionists Speak Out • 2) Mexican War / Compromise of 1850 • 3) Compromise Fails / Southern Secession