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Post Reconstruction

Post Reconstruction. a.k.a. After the Civil War. Civil War Amendments. Thirteenth Fourteenth Fifteenth. Amendment XIII. Ended slavery “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude . . . shall exist within the United States . . . .”. Amendment XIV. Defines citizenship

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Post Reconstruction

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  1. Post Reconstruction a.k.a. After the Civil War

  2. Civil War Amendments • Thirteenth • Fourteenth • Fifteenth

  3. Amendment XIII • Ended slavery • “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude . . . shall exist within the United States . . . .”

  4. Amendment XIV • Defines citizenship • “All persons born or naturalized in the United States . . . are citizens of the United States . . . .”

  5. Amendment XV • Defines voting • “The right of citizens . . . to vote shall not be denied . . . by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

  6. Ku Klux Klan • Started in 1866 by 6 former Confederate soldiers

  7. Members wore robes and masks to look like the ghosts of dead Confederate soldiers who returned for revenge against enemies of the South. • Knights of the White Camellia • kuklos (“circle”).

  8. Black Codes: laws that restricted freedmen rights • Curfews • Vagrancy laws (not working) • Labor contracts • Land restrictions (forced living on plantations)

  9. Voting Restrictions • Poll Tax: special fee paid to vote • Literacy Tests (read, write, knowledge) • Property ownership

  10. Grandfather clauses • Allowed people to vote………….if their grandfather had voted.

  11. 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson --Major setback for Af. Amerc. --Segregation legal as long as separate facilities provided. --Leading to the Southern belief of “Separate but equal”

  12. Jim Crow Laws • Developed a segregated South • This way of life became the “norm” of the South. • “That is just the way it is”

  13. Schools Parks Public bldgs Hospitals Transportation Public toilets Water fountains Sections of theaters Examples:

  14. The fight back… • The Niagara Movement: (1905) vowed never to accept “inferiority”, bow to “oppressions”, or apologize “before insult”. W.E.B. Du Bois leader.

  15. NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: (1909) abolish segregation and discrimination, oppose racism, and gain civil right for African Americans.

  16. The National Urban League: (1911) improved job opportunities and housing for African Americans.

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