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-Introduction -Testimony -Statistics -Facts. Proof. By: Carly Schumacher 9:00 AP Language. Introduction. You have to prove the claim you make Use evidence = supplying proof Three kinds of evidence Testimony Statictics Facts All 3 can be proven true. Testimony.
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-Introduction-Testimony-Statistics-Facts Proof By: Carly Schumacher 9:00 AP Language
Introduction • You have to prove the claim you make • Use evidence = supplying proof • Three kinds of evidence • Testimony • Statictics • Facts • All 3 can be proven true
Testimony • It is the use of another person’s words or ideas • Use when you lack knowledge or experience on the topic • Useful in 3 instances • You don’t have much firsthand knowledge • The audience doubts your intentions • The audience opposes your idea
Testimony Examples • Exploration of Mars • You don’t have much knowledge • Friday isn’t a good day for a test • A credible source would be a psychologist • Proactive • Are these celebrities a credible source?
5 Tips to Remember When Using Testimony • Identify your authority • Avoid long quotations • If you paraphrase, do not misrepresent the author • Use credible sources • Make sure your audience knows how your source relates to the topic
Statistics • They are pieces of information presented as numbers • They are effect because it is a concise piece of information that gives a powerful impression • However, you have to make sure they are reliable
Examples of Statistics • The public approval of the president’s policies has increased from 55 to 62 percent • In Europe, Denmark receives over 20% of its electricity from wind energy, and in 2007 Germany received around 7% of its electricity from the wind. http://www.awea.org/utility/pdf/Wind_and_Reliability_Factsheet.pdf http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2003/fcvt_fotw289.html
6 Tips to Remember When Using Statistics • Make them interesting and understandable • Make sure it is an acceptable source • Keep them simple! • Use graphs or visual aid if possible • Make sure they say what you want them to say • Make sure they are recent
Facts • This is a statement that can be proven true • Use these to back up your claim • Pretty obvious!
Examples of Facts • Offshore wind turbines generate more power than on-shore turbines because wind speeds are generally higher and the wind is steadier offshore. • Eight countries have wind turbines installed offshore providing clean, renewable electricity: Denmark, Belgium, Sweden, Finland, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Ireland. http://www.awea.org/pubs/factsheets/Offshore_fact_sheet_Mar09.pdf
Quiz! • What are the 3 types of proof you can use? • Which of the following isn’t one of the 3 best instances to use a testimony • A-You don’t have much firsthand knowledge • B-The audience doubts your intentions • C-You have lots of background knowledge • What is a visual aid you should try to use when presenting statistics?
Answers • Testimony, Statistics, Facts • C • Graphs