Mobile Internet Via Satellite

1. Mobile Internet Via Satellite Presented by Eng. Amr Ahmed Abbas Eng. Marwa Mohye_El-din Supervised by Dr. Sherif Guinena Technical affairs & technology

2. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite licenses in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

3. Introduction Background • Inmarsat was established in 1979 as a multi-national organization under the auspices of the United Nations, to serve the maritime industry. • Inmarsat LC is an independent private company that operates a global satellite system used by independent service providers. • It offers voice and multimedia communications for customers on the move or in remote locations. Technical affairs & technologies

4. Introduction • Inmarsat is currently developing its next generation mobile satellite communication system, termed Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN). BGAN technical characteristics of the system will be compliant with the GMPCS MoU. • BGAN is intended to be part of the satellites component of the third generation (3G) IMT-2000/UMTS. • Inmarsat will retain management and operational control of the space segment and will own and operate the ground stations. • BGAN provides high-speed packet and circuit-switched services to land mobile users. Inmarsat is implementing the system in two phases, starting in late 2002 by the first phase, Regional BGAN. Technical affairs & technologies

5. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN and BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite license in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

6. System Description • This system is an integrated communications system that consists of four segments: • Space Segment. • Ground Segment. • Business Segment. • User Segment. Technical affairs & technologies

7. User Link L Band Feeder Link C Band GPRS Network Return SGSN HLR SAS Forward GGSN ISP Application Server Other PLMN IP Network SP POP System Description (cont.) Technical affairs & technologies

8. System Description (cont.) I. Space Segment • In R-BGAN, The Space Segment consists of the satellite recourses leased by Inmarsat from the Geostationary (GEO) spacecraft of the Thuraya regional system. • In BGAN, the Space Segment consists of satellites owned by Inmarsat(2 satellites +1 ground spare). Technical affairs & technologies

9. System Description(cont.) II. Ground Segment • The Ground Segment allows the transport of information between satellite users and the terrestrial networks providing these services. • The ground network architecture is an extension of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) cellular data communications system. • B-GAN Ground Segment comprises ground segment gateways that provide connectivity to and from the external networks, notably PSTN, ISDN, and IP PDNs and business support infrastructure. • The ground segment consists of a single Satellite Access Station (SAS) in the R-BGAN system and 4 SASs in the BGAN Technical affairs & technologies

10. System Description (cont.) II. Ground Segment (cont.) • The SAS consists of three main subsystems: • The Packet Base Station Subsystem (PBSS): • The PBSS is responsible for providing and managing the transmission paths (radio interfaces) between the user terminals (UTs) and the SAS network equipments. • The Data Communications Network (DCN): • The DCN provides the IP connectivity to the Regional B-GAN site, in both the Ground and Business segments. • The DCN includes the equipment that supports the access links between the SAS and POPs. • The DCN includes security (firewalls) to protect the Regional B-GAN network from the external networks to which it is connected. Technical affairs & technologies

11. System Description(cont.) II. Ground Segment (cont.) • The Network Switching Subsystem (NSS): • The GPRS cellular data communication system performs the NSS functions. • The packet data traffic runs on the following backbone IP network: • Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). • Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN). • Home Location Register (HLR). Technical affairs & technologies

12. System Description(cont.) III. Business Segment • The Business Segment consists of the Business Support System (BSS). • It provides the management functions required to support products and services: billing, customer care, revenue collection, fault management, system provisioning, customer management, and interconnect billing system. • The BSS supports three external interfaces: • BSS – Service Provider. • SAS – Billing Operations center: interacts directly with the Billing Gateway (BGw) and the Service Order Gateway (SOGw). • BSS – Operation and support system. Technical affairs & technologies

13. System Description(cont.) IV. User Segment • The User Segment carries the function to interface satellite and terrestrial users to the Regional B-GAN system. The User Segment consists of : • User Terminal or Mobile Satellite Unit (MSU) The MSU enables the user to link the satellite modem with its PC via different wire line and wireless interfaces, such as UniversalSerial Bus (USB), Ethernet, and Bluetooth. • Service Provider Point of Presence (SP POP) : The SP POP provides access to the terrestrial packet data (GPRS) network or to Internet Service Provider (ISP) Technical affairs & technologies

14. R-BGAN Coverage • The R-BGAN services will cover almost all of Europe, Northern and parts of Central Africa, Central Asia, the Middle East, and the Indian sub-continent. • The Thuraya satellites provide coverage by overlapping spot beams. • The footprint consists of 296 spot beams. Technical affairs & technologies

15. BGAN Coverage • BGAN coverage will extends to cover almost 80% of the earth's landmass. • The Inmarsat satellite coverage area will be serviced by three types of spot beams: • 200 narrow spot beams . • 19 wide spot beams. • 1 Global beam. Technical affairs & technologies

16. Frequency Spectrum • The frequency band of the R-BGAN is divided into sub-bands. • Each sub-band is divided into a number of frequency channels, and each channel is divided into timeslots according to a periodic framing pattern. • The number of sub-bands and the frequency of each sub-band depend on a number of factors such as: • Traffic demands in the particular spot beam. • Frequency reuse considerations. • The effective spectrum available as a result of coordination with other systems, and the terms of leasing agreement between Thuraya and Inmarsat. • Frequency Reusing is used at different apart spot beams to use lesser total bandwidth with minimum interference. The BGAN system will achieve 20 times frequency reuse at the L-Band. Technical affairs & technologies

17. Data Rate • Effective data rate • In RBGAN, each subband, carrying up to 144 Kbps uplink and downlink, is shared amongst a number of end users. • The actual or effective data rate depends on: • The number of users located in the same spot beam. • The type of application used. • The number of carriers allocated to each spot beam. • A predefined sub-band allocation is based on: • Traffic forecasts. • Sophisticated radio resource management system allocating capacity on demand. Technical affairs & technologies

18. Modulation & Coding • RBGAN terminal characteristics: • BGAN terminal characteristics: Technical affairs & technologies

19. Migration Strategy • With respect to the initial phase, the deployment of BGAN will include: • New Space Segment • Expand ground network • Evolved User Segment with a multiplicity of terminal types in addition to those available in the first phase. • To migrate from the Regional B-GAN to the B-GAN systems the following plan will be followed: • Replacement of the satellite recourses leased by Inmarsat from Thuraya Space Segment with Inmarsat 4 satellites. • Transitioning of the satellite subscribers from R-BGAN to BGAN • The Regional B-GAN SAS implemented in Fucino, Italy, might be configured to form a part of the B-GAN system. Technical affairs & technologies

20. SAS GPRS Network HLR SGSN ISP GGSN VLR IP Network Service access • GPRS attach. • 2. Location update. 1. MSU Power-On • 3. Sub data insertion by the VLR. 2.a. MSU Registration Request 4. IP session (also referred to as PDP text activation). 2.b. MSU’s Location? • 5. Application start. 4. PDP Context Activation 2.c. MSU’s VLR 3. MSU’s Info. 2.d MSU Location Update? 5. Application Start Technical affairs & technologies

21. System Interfaces • In the R-BGAN communications architecture, two main types of interfaces are defined: • Communications interfaces: which support the range of network and user information capabilities. The communication interface that interconnect the four functional segments of the system are the following : • The SAS-to-satellite interface • MSU-to-satellite interface (AI) • The PoP-to-terrestrial network interface • The SAS-to-business support system (BSS) interface • Management interfaces: which support the provisioning, operation and management of the regional BGAN system. Technical affairs & technologies

22. Numbering Resources • The SIM cards will have an IIN identifier, based on ITU-T recommendation E.118, from the DTI/RA organization. • The SIM will also carry, via the UK administration, an international mobile subscriber identification (IMSI) in accordance with ITU-T recommendation E.212. Technical affairs & technologies

23. Emergency Calls Handling • R-BGAN will be characterized by the provision of data-only services, no issues about emergency calls handling are expected to arise. • BGAN system will provide a much wider range of services including voice. This gives rise to a requirement for emergency call handling. This can be achieved as follows: • The satellite service providers will be given a single international format telephone number to which emergency calls may be directed from the BGAN land mobile terminals. • The emergency calls will be forwarded to an emergency call-handling centre, where calls are processed through a human interface. Technical affairs & technologies

24. Fraud Management • There are three main methods used in the BGAN system to handle frauding: • For countries where the commercial provision of a BGAN service has not been duly authorized: • BGAN access attempts from these countries are denied in the system’s network layer. • For unauthorized service providers: • Inmarsat terminates the provision of unlicensed service by deactivation of the SIM card to users on basis of the subscriber's identity information provided by the country's National Authority Agent and/or the Law Enforcement Agency. • For persons that access the system without being customers to the BGAN: • BSS Fraud management subsystem dealt with this by using authentication methods and public key encryption. Technical affairs & technologies

25. MSUs Conformity Standards • All user terminals types should be type approved that leads to have the permission to carry the CE marking on the terminals. • In order to obtain CE approval, the MSUs will comply with following 3 types of essential requirements: • Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), ETSI EN 301 681 v1.2.1 & ITU-R M.1480. • Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), ETSI EN 301 489-1 &301 489-20, EMC & Radio Spectrum Matters(ERM). • Safety, CENELEC EN 60950 & IEEE c95.1-1991. Technical affairs & technologies

26. Interconnection & Interoperability • The private Inmarsat GPRS network, located in Fucino, can support inbound roaming. • The system allows the utilisation by the user of other GSM and GPRS operators’ SIM cards with the Regional BGAN terminal. • The implementation of inbound roaming is subject to prior conclusion of the required commercial roaming agreements between Inmarsat and other GSM/GPRS operators. • In BGAN, when data-only service inter-working will be supported as well as PSTN access for telephony and for data, ISDN access for telephony and for data (including corporate network access), PDN, other PLMNs (i.e., GPRS networks), in line with third generation (3G) IMT-2000/UMTS developments Technical affairs & technologies

27. Legal interception of Communications in BGAN • Interception of communications is generally defined as the simultaneous gathering of data and information as they are created during a communication. • Data will be collected at the Network operation center (NOC) that is located in UK. • Remote Provisioning Unit (RPU) will be located in each country (if required), to manage interception locally. Technical affairs & technologies

28. Billing • Users will be charged for packet data services based upon the amount of information sent and received rather than the time for which they are connected. Technical affairs & technologies

29. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite license in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

30. R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.) Technical affairs & technologies

31. R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.) Technical affairs & technologies

32. R-BGAN Vs BGAN (cont.) Technical affairs & technologies

33. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite license in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

34. R- BGAN Products • Costs about $1100. • Receives and Transmits at 144 kbps. • End-user airtime charge around $10/MByte. Technical affairs & technologies

35. Pocket User Terminal 800 grams 22 x 14 x 3 cm Receives at 216 kbps Transmits at 72 kbps Notebook User Terminal With detachable Remote Antenna Recieves at 432 kbps Transmits at 144 kbps BGAN Products Technical affairs & technologies

36. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite license in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

37. R-BGAN Business Model • RBGAN business model consist of 3 layers: • Inmarsat. • Distribution partners. • Customers. • Inmarsat operates RBGAN system. • Distribution partners are connected to Inmarsat systems. • Customers deals with distribution partners only. Technical affairs & technologies

38. R-BGAN Business Model (cont.) • Inmarsat offers different scenarios to enable DPs to provide the full set of features and connectivity service. • One of this scenarios is the shared infrastructure. • This scenario is chosen by ESC. • It provides minimal involvement with the technical aspects of providing RBGAN services. Technical affairs & technologies

39. R-BGAN Business Model (cont.) • Shared infrastructure The main features of this solution: • No capital investment required. • No IP PoP interconnect expertise is required. • Inmarsat maintains and operates the end-to-end service • Additional connectivity services can be added and managed on their behalf. Technical affairs & technologies

40. R-BGAN Business Model (cont.) • Shared infrastructure (cont.) Technical affairs & technologies

41. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite licenses in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

42. Satellite licenses in Egypt • Satellite license in Egypt is divided into two licenses: • VSAT license. • GMPCS license. • RBGAN can be considered as a service of both VSAT and GMPCS services. • RBGAN classification is under study now by Policy and license department. Technical affairs & technologies

43. Content • Introduction. • Technical aspects of the system. • RBGAN Vs BGAN. • RBGAN & BGAN products. • Business model. • Satellite license in Egypt. • Conclusion. Technical affairs & technologies

44. Conclusion • Here are some points that should be taken into considerations when issuing the license: • Identifying the business model that the Distribution Partner (DP) will choose. • Identifying the security method that will be used by DP. • Determining the ability of providing roaming with other mobile network operators. • Identifying MSUs providers in Egypt. • Determining the minimum data rate that will be acquired by customers. • Identifying Signal power levels in both uplink and downlink. • Identifying the billing system used and the cost of each service. Technical affairs & technologies

45. Conclusion (cont.) • The authority can use Inmarsat fraud management system to block any unlicensed operators or to limit the access of some users. • The authority can use legal interception functionality to intercept any communications in B-GAN system. • Ensuring the provision of emergency call handling system. • Identifying numbering technique used and reserved numbers for provision of service in Egypt. • Identifying multiple access technique used in transmission. • Identifying different classes of service according to provided bit rates, identifying modulation and coding used. Technical affairs & technologies

46. Thank You Technical affairs & technologies