Eco-Sanitation Consultation: MYRADA’s Sustainable Approach

1. MYRADA Consultation on Sustainable Sanitation Date : 09.09.2009 Venue : UAS, Bangalore

2. MYRADA Established in 1968. Registered under Karnataka Society’s Act 1979 onwards 1968 - 78 • Involved in Rural Development Activities in Southern States namely; • Karnataka • Tamilnadu • Andhra Pradesh • Resettled 15000 Tibetan refugees in Karnataka State in locations • Bylakuppa • Hunsur • Odeyarapalya • Mundgod

3. Project Locations Our Projects: Karnataka 1. MYRADA K.H.A.D.P, Kollegal 2. MYRADA PIDOW, Gulbarga 3. MYRADA, PIDOW Chincholi 4. MYRADA, WGDP, Karwar 5. MYRADA, Chitradurga 6. MYRADA, Bellary 7. MYRADA - CIDOW, Molakalmur 8. MYRADA - Kamasamudram 9. MYRADA - Bidadi Andhra Pradesh 1. MYRADA - KIPDOW Project, Kadiri 2 Karnool Project Tamil Nadu 1. MYRADA/PLAN - Dharmapuri 2. MYRADA - K.V.K, Talavadi 3. MYRADA - Kattery Project, Coonoor 4. MYRADA - GADP, Germalam 4

4. What is MYRADA Today? MYRADA is now a group of autonomous societies, companies and informal institutions, sharing a common vision to promote livelihood strategies, local governance, management of natural resources, health and education favoring the rural poor in an inclusive, equitable and sustainable manner.

5. MYRADA Group of Institutions MYRADA Kaveri Pradeshika Samsthe, H.D.Kote Jnana Degula Centre for Institutional Development and Organizational Reforms, H.D.Kote MYRADA Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Erode Management of Enterprises And Development Of Women (MEADOW), Hosur Non Formal Technical Training Centre, Hosur Centre for Institutional Development and Organizational Reforms in Kollegal, Kolar and Chithradurga Sanghamithra Rural Financial Services Community Managed Resource Centres Savayava Krishikara Sangha, H.D.Kote

6. Eco-Sanitation Management and maintenance of human excreta and Urine without affecting the environment and protection of water sources is termed as “ECO SANITATION”The eco-san is ecological sanitation which is eco-friendly. Eco-sanitation aims at using the human solid waste and urine for agricultural purposesIt is proposed to use human waste for agricultural production thereby cost of cultivation is reduced

7. Eco-Sanitation It is expected that by use of human waste and urine for agriculture purpose the human waste is deemed as a resource rather than waste This requires storage of human solid waste and urine in separate compartments which are dry and water proof. Hence, this requires construction of brick chambers with concrete top below every toilet

8. Eco-Sanitation The human waste has potash and nitrogen which is useful for agricultural crops. The same components are the components of the chemical fertilizers which are purchased by the farmers every year by paying cash and incurring expenses to travel to the nearby town Hence, through introducing eco-sanitation, the rural families are not only able to maintain environmental sanitation in villages but also able to save towards the cost of agriculture inputs invested by them every year

9. Eco-Sanitation A rural family will be able to save water substantially by using eco-san toilets The farmers will be able to recycle the nutrients resulting in improvement of soil quality, structure and fertility by application of organic matter and plant nutrients will be easily available to them Use of human waste as fertilizer will improve agricultural productivity and enhance food security

10. Eco-Sanitation • Health conditions of rural families will improve due to use of eco-sanitary toilets through reduction of diarrhea and other diseases now prevalent in villages due to unhygienic conditions

11. Eco-Sanitation Environmental Sanitation Chain Environmental protection Resource protection Eco San Health protection Integrated water resource management Soil fertility protection Continuous agriculture

12. Advantages of Eco-Sanitation • Consumes less water • Controls pollution of ground water and environment • No spread of Bacteria/Virus since water is not used to flush human waste • Protects health of rural community • Gives pride to the Family of owning a eco-san toilet • Protection for women and girls

13. Advantages of Eco-Sanitation • Spread of flies and insects is controlled • Avoids bad smell, if properly maintained • Improves soil fertility without incurring cost on use of chemical fertilizer • Heavy investment on chemical fertilizers is saved by the farmers • Saves adequate amount of water

14. Plan of Eco Toilet

15. View of Eco Toilet up to Plinth

16. Basement construction with BBM

17. Plastering for basement

18. RCC Platform construction and curing

19. RCC Platform

20. Exterior & Plinth Level View of Eco Toilet

21. Exterior View of Eco Toilet

22. Superstructure construction with plastering

23. Eco-Sanitation Toilet

24. B.Matakere SC Colony (Arghyam Village) one of the villages of B.Matakere Grama Panchayat which has been awarded Grama Puraskar Award

25. Cost Estimate

26. Cost Estimate

27. Expected Community Contribution

30. How to use the Toilet • There are two outlets one for fecal and another for urine. There is a separate place for washing after defecation • There are two chambers in the toilet • One chamber is expected to be used for 6 months for an average family size of 5 followed by another, on filling up of the first chamber • The first chamber should be closed for a period of 6 months after use and repeat the process by using another chamber

31. How to use the Toilet • After defecation one hand full hand of ash over the fecal. So that it decomposes within a day • Urine is collected in a separate can outside the toilet which can be used for plants in the kitchen garden such as vegetables, banana, coconut trees etc., by mixing water in 1:10 ratio • It should be ensured that at any time fecal, urine and washed water is not mixed

32. Comparison between Pour Flush Toilet and Eco-san Toilet

33. No. of toilets constructed and names of partner agencies in MYRADA Projects

34. No. of toilets constructed and names of partner agencies in MYRADA Projects

35. ARGHYAM

36. RALEIGH INTERNATIONAL INDIA

37. RALEIGH INTERNATIONAL INDIA

38. Drawbacks Cost of construction is very high as compared to other toilets Non acceptance of the community to touch decomposed fecal Children are unable to use independently Attracts rats and snakes

39. How the community was motivated Discussions were held in sAgs of women, Watershed Development Associations, Village Water and Sanitation Committees and sAg Federations Organized Grama Sabhas in proposed villages and explained about advantages of Eco-sanitation Organized PRAs and conducted exercises such as transact, social mapping to make the community to realize about unhygienic situation in the village In social mapping houses without toilets and open defecation places were marked

40. How the community was motivated Cost incurred for health treatments were highlighted in the PRA exercise in seasonality mapping Benefits from use of toilets was highlighted in matrix exercise The community members were taken for exposure to locations where eco-sanitation was already in practice such as Mosaralla, Talavadi Wall Paintings were depicted highlighting the uses of eco-sanitary toilets

41. How the community was motivated Men and women were trained before construction of toilets in design and benefits from eco-sanitation. After construction, the community were trained in usage and maintenance Children were trained to use eco-sanitary toilets Practical demonstrations were conducted in harvesting of decomposed manure from eco-san toilets Masons were trained in construction of eco-sanitary toilets. During the training few toilets were constructed

43. Thank You