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ORGANIC MATTER

3H 2 + N 2 2NH 3. HABER BOSCH. (1200°C, 500 atm). MICROBIAL/PLANT SINK. Haber Bosch. GLOBAL WARMING. ATMOSPHERE. 15-40 kg/ha. TEMP. Rainfall. pH. N 2 O NO N 2. INDUSTRIAL FIXATION. LIGHTNING, RAINFALL. N2 FIXATION. PLANT AND ANIMAL RESIDUES.

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ORGANIC MATTER

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  1. 3H2 + N2 2NH3 HABER BOSCH (1200°C, 500 atm) MICROBIAL/PLANT SINK Haber Bosch GLOBAL WARMING ATMOSPHERE 15-40 kg/ha TEMP Rainfall pH N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING, RAINFALL N2 FIXATION PLANT AND ANIMAL RESIDUES Lignin OC SYMBIOTIC NON-SYMBIOTIC MESQUITE RHIZOBIUM ALFALFA SOYBEAN BLUE-GREEN ALGAE AZOTOBACTER CLOSTRIDIUM MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT > 1.5% (COW MANURE) MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT < 1.5% (WHEAT STRAW) FERTILIZATION 10-80 kg/ha PLANT LOSS AMINO ACIDS MICROBIAL DECOMPOSITION 0-50 kg/ha NH3 AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION IMMOBILIZATION AMINIZATION HETEROTROPHIC ORGANIC MATTER R-NH2 + ENERGY + CO2 BACTERIA (pH>6.0) FUNGI (pH<6.0) pH>7.0 R-NH2 + H2O FIXED ON EXCHANGE SITES AMMONIFICATION NH2OH IMMOBILIZATION R-OH + ENERGY + 2NH3 N2O2- Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Thiobacillus Denitrificans, and T. thioparus 2NH4+ + 2OH- MINERALIZATION + NITRIFICATION +O2 NO2- Nitrosomonas DENITRIFICATION NO3- POOL NITRIFICATION 2NO2- + H2O + 4H+ OXIDATION STATES Nitrobacter + O2 DENITRIFICATION LEACHING LEACHING VOLATILIZATION NITRIFICATION ADDITIONS NH3 AMMONIA -3 NH4+ AMMONIUM -3 N2 DIATOMIC N 0 N2O NITROUS OXIDE 1 NO NITRIC OXIDE 2 NO2- NITRITE 3 NO3- NITRATE 5 Joanne LaRuffa Wade Thomason Shannon Taylor Heather Lees Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University TEMP 50°F LEACHING LEACHING LOSSES OXIDATION REACTIONS LEACHING REDUCTION REACTIONS pH 7.0 0-40 kg/ha

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