Chapter 7: Organizing Ideas

1. Chapter 7: Organizing Ideas PowerPoint by JoAnn Yaworski, 2001 Reading Across the Disciplines: College Reading and Beyond, 1/eKathleen McWhorter © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

2. In this chapter you will learn how to: Organize Ideas by: • Highlighting • Annotating • Paraphrasing • Outlining • Mapping • Summarizing © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

3. Read first, then highlight. Use the boldface headings. Highlight main ideas and only key supporting details. Avoid highlighting complete sentences. Highlight only 15-25% of the material. Highlighting © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

4. Annotating • Circling unknown words • Marking definitions • Marking examples • Numbering lists of ideas, causes, reasons, or events • Placing asterisks next to important passages (Continued) © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

5. Annotating • Putting question marks next to confusing passages • Making notes to yourself • Marking possible test items • Drawing arrows to show relationships • Writing comments, noting disagreements and similarities • Marking summary statement © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

6. Paraphrasing A paraphrase is a restatement of a passage’s ideas in your own words. © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

7. Paraphrasing • Read the material entirely before writing. • Pay attention to exact meanings. • Pay attention to relationships among ideas. • Express the key idea in your own words sentence by sentence. • When possible, combine several sentences into a more concise paraphrase. © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

8. Outlining • Read an entire section and then jot down notes. • Be alert for organizational patterns. • Record the most important ideas in brief. • List the main ideas and supporting details. (Continued) © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

9. Use Indentations to Separate Main Ideas and Details TOPIC Main Idea Supporting Detail fact fact Supporting Detail Main Idea Supporting Detail Supporting Detail fact fact © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

10. Mapping • Identify the topic and write it in the center of the page. • Identify ideas, aspects, parts, and definitions that are related to the topic. • Draw each detail on a line radiating from the topic. © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

11. Mapping Detail Detail TOPIC Detail Detail Detail © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

12. Process Diagrams The Search Process Encyclopedia Books Periodicals Overview of Topic Basic Information Detailed Information © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

13. Summarizing • Determine your purpose. • Write brief notes for the material. • State the writer’s most important idea. • Paraphrase. • Review the supporting information. • Keep the same order of ideas as presented in the material. • Include author’s opinions and attitudes. © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers

14. Visit the Longman English Pages http://www.ablongman.com/englishpages © 2002 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers