The National Survey on Domestic Violence Against Women in Viet Nam

1. International Workshop on Social Statistics Beijing, China, 22-24 November 2010 The National Survey on Domestic Violence Against Women in Viet Nam By: Mrs. Pham Y Tu Mr. Do Anh Kiem General Statistical Office (GSO), Viet Nam

2. Research Objectives - Direct • Obtain reliable estimates of the prevalence of DV against women in Viet Nam • Document the health consequences of DV against women • Identify the factors that may either protect or put women at risk of DV • Explore and compare coping strategies and services used by women to deal with DV

3. Research Objectives - Indirect • Build research capacity of all involved research team members and fieldworkers • Raise and increase awareness about DV and DV Law among participants and respondents • Contribute to cross-sectoral collaboration • Contribute to the development of a network of people committed to address DV

4. Research Team • GSO: Overall coordination + Leader for quantitative data collection and analysis • WHO Office in Viet Nam: Overall coordination and technical assistance • National experts from MOH, VASS, CIHP: Technical assistance for quantitative part + Leader for qualitative part + Data analysis and report writing • International expert Dr Henriette Jansen: Technical expertise for quantitative and qualitative work

5. Steps for the Research ImplementationApril 2009  November 2010 • Negotiation of contracts with all concerned parties • Translation of all research materials & tools • Planning Workshop for training & team-building • Adaptation of all research materials & tools • Pre-testing and revision of questionnaires & guidelines • Training of fieldworkers • Data collection (quantitative, followed by qualitative) • Data entry and cleaning • Data analysis and report writing • Final revision of report • Dissemination and advocacy activities

6. Methodology • Methodology developed by WHO for a multi-country study on women’s health and violence against women. The tools include: Study Protocol, Ethical and Safety Recommendations, Questionnaire, Training Manual, Interviewer's manual, Supervisor's manual, Data processing manual, Data entry program and Code book . • Tools and materials are being adapted to the specific situation and needs of Viet Nam. • The study has a quantitative and a qualitative component. • For the quantitative component, a survey will be conducted in whole Viet Nam, with face to face interviews with a representative sample of women. • For the qualitative component, a limited number of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews will be done in selected provinces with men, with women who experienced DV, and with professionals or volunteers who work with women and men facing DV.

7. Safety and ethical issues • Safe name: “Women health and life experience” was used in all survey documents/ transactions… • Confidentiality • Support for interviewers and respondents • One woman per household • Venue for the interviews • One site, one day

8. Sample for quantitative component (1) • Population based household (HH) survey • Household = group of people usually living and eating together, including domestic workers staying at least 5 nights/week and visitors who stayed the last 4 weeks or more. • In the survey, the household  is the statistical unit. Eligible women are chosen to the survey through their HH. • One woman per household selected at random • Women from 18 to 60 years old • Sample size: 5,520 HHs with the objective to complete 4,600 interviews. • To account for sample loss, non-response, non-accessible HHs and HHs without women in eligibile age group, there will be a 20% oversample. Thus the plan is to survey 5,520 HHs.

9. Sample for quantitative component (2) • Sample area: whole country, divided into the 6 “economic region” of Viet Nam: • Red River Delta • Northern midlands and mountain areas • North central area and central coast area • Central highlands • South east • Mekong River Delta • The results of the survey will be representative for urban and rural areas in the 6 economic region of Viet Nam (12 strata)

10. Personnel mobilization • The selection criteria for field workers included being female and between 30 and 60 years old. • Previous experience in survey was required, so they were selected among the staff from Provincial Statistics offices and GSO. • Important skills sought were: ability to interact with all classes of people; non-judgmental attitude; maturity and life experience • Good interpersonal skills to build a rapport with interviewee; and experience in dealing with sensitive issues

11. Training (1) • Training based on the 3-weeks standardized training module developed by WHO. • Duration: 2 weeks • Trainers: Members of research team, led by Dr Henriette Jansen

12. Training (2) • Objectives: • To increase sensitivity of participants to gender issues • To develop a basic understanding of gender-based and domestic violence • To understand the objectives of the research • To learn skills for interviewing, taking into account safety and ethical guidelines • To become familiar with the questionnaire • Methods: • Presentations by national and international experts • Detailed question by question explanation of questionnaire • Role plays • Field practice

13. Data Collection for Quantitative Component (1) • Data collection organized by GSO, according to their regular procedures, but taking into account all the agreed ethical and safety recommendations. • Time: December 2009 to January 2010 • Face to face interviews with female interviewers • Interviews will take place in the private place, during day time but also in evenings and weekends • Each interviewer should not conduct more than about 100 interviews throughout the course of the survey. • In rural areas it is advisable to finish one EA in one day so that safety and confidentiality do not get compromised. • Each interviewer is expected to do 3 interviews on a day. • Interviewers will have a reference booklet to hand out to the respondents, that will include information on DV, the law and reference addresses for services

14. Data Collection for Quantitative Component (2) 10 teams of 5 fieldworkers each: • 1 supervisor is responsible for overseeing all activities of the team in each EA. • 1 field editor is responsible for checking through each questionnaire once it has been finished to ensure it has been filled in correctly. • 3 interviewers: The interviewer’s primary task is to conduct the face-to-face interviews with the females identified as being in scope of the survey.

15. Mechanism for quality control • Editors and team leaders • Supervision trips from GSO • Supervision trips from GSO, national consultants and UN staff • Core research team with support from international consultant

16. Questionnaire The questionnaire for Viet Nam was adapted from WHO Multi-country Study quantitative questionnaire version 10 (Rev. 26 January 2005). It was adapted to the needs of Viet Nam and adapted from the lessons learned from most recent studies in Turkey and Tonga. It was pilot-tested in 2 provinces before it was finalized

17. Qualitative component (with 90 IDIs and 12 FGs were conducted) • To clarify and provide more in-depth information on the data collected through the quantitative survey. • Method: + Focus group discussions with women who experienced DV, and with men + in-depth interviews with professionals and volunteers.

18. Data analysis and report writing: 2010 • Team work, with research from different disciplines/sectors • Timeline: • Analysis and initial findings: April to July • Report writing workshop: July • Stakeholders consultation: August • Process of peer review and approval from Steering Committee: September-October • Launching event: 25 November 2010 for the International Day to Eliminate Violence Against Women

19. Research outputs • General Report includes: • Context, including the process that lead to the decision to organize this survey, an overview of the legal and policy framework for domestic violence in VN, and an overview of the services available for victims and/or perpetrators and their families; • A description of the methodology and process; • The data analysis and findings; and • Recommendations to different stakeholders, including for capacity building of duty-bearers and rights-holders. • Summary Report • One or more Policy Briefs • All these documents were made available in hard and soft copies on internet. They will be presented at dissemination workshops in North, Central and South.

20. Thank you!